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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A-218. What are the locations and function of Integral and Peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
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Integral: extend entire cell membrane thickness -> ion channels/pors, carrier proteins, and enzymes
Peripheral: on just the surface of the membrane either on the internal or external surface - act has hormone receptors |
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A-218. What are the differences between Tight and Gap junctions (intercellular connections)?
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Tight: sometimes acts as pathway for solute movement b/t cells
Gap: always allow passage of current and/or ions from one cell to the other |
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A-218. What are the two types of simple diffusion?
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1.) Those moving down a gradient from high to low [ ] (water)
2.) Moving down concentration gradient through a channel in the membrane (e.g. voltage gated and chemical (ligand) gated channels) - Na in action potential and ACh binding to channel to allow for Na movement |
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A-218. Does facilitated transort require ATP? Waht does it require?
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No. Carrier protein
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A-218. What are the two types of active transport?
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Primary and Secondar
Primary: direct movement of ion w/ help of ATP or counter movement of different ion in the pump Secondary: movement of ion due to primary transport either in the same or opposite direction as the ion from the primary transport. |
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A-218. What are the roles of K and Na channels with regards to action potentials?
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K: maintains resting membrance potential
Na: closed at rest, open to depolarize the cell and propagate the action potential |
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A-218. What are the different types of neuronal fibers, example of, and conductivity?
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A-alpha: a-motorneuron, fast
A-beta: touch, medium A-delta: pain afferents, medium A-gamma: g-motoneuron to muscle spindles, medium B: pre-gang fibers of ANS, medium C: post-gang fibers of ANS, slow |
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A-218. What is the difference between inhibitory and excititory NTs?
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Inhibitory: hyperpolarize PSM (Na & K channels)
Excitatory: depolarize PSM (Cl- channels) |
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A-218. D1_____adenylate cyclase (AC) and D2_______AC. What does this lead to?
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D1: activates, inc Ca in the terminal bulb
D2: inhibit, dec Ca into terminal bulb |
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A-218. How do GABA-a and GABA-b receptors work?
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A: increase Cl- conduct. target of benzos and barbituates
B: increase K permiability Both inhibit signal transduction |
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A-218. This is the pnly gland that secretes epinephrine.
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Adrenal gland
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A-218. What NT is released in all ANS preganglionic nerve fibers and in the PNS postganglionic nerve fibers?
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Acetylcholine
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A-218. What are the two types of cholinergic receptors and their locations?
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Muscarininc: on all parasympathetically innervated tissues
Nicotinic: -type I: ALL postganglionic neurons in PNS SNS |
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A-218. Where can you find alpha II receptors?
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Beta Islet cells in pancreas
Platelets Presynap. nerve bulbs in SNS and CNS |
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A-218. What are the dominant receptor types on in the viscera withregards to SNS/PNS?
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SNS: alpha 1 except, in the heart, liver, gallbladder, and bronchi (B2)
PNS: M3 receptors on everything except the heart (M1) |
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A-218. Stimulation of what receptor causes coagulation?
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Alpha 2
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A-218. How does the Hall Pike Bithermal Caloric Test asses labyrinth health?
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COWS
Cold water Opposite nystagmus Warm water same side nystagmus No response = dead labyrinth |
