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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The most common type of neural tube defect is ? This results when the ? fails to close, usually without other anomalies.
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Spina Bifida,
vertebral arch |
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There are 3 types of Spina Bifida- ?,?,?
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Spina Bifida Occulta,
Meningocele, Myelomingocele |
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A neonate presents with a dimple or tuft of hair, without other anomalies at the base of the spine the RN suspects ?
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Spina Bifida Occulta
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A neonate presents with meninges protruding from the base of the spinal cord the RN suspects ?
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Meningocele
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A neonate presents with meninges and spinal cord protruding from the base of the spinal cord and notices a degree of paralysis in the lower extremities the RN suspects ?
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Myelomeningocele
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During an US exam the fetus is seen to have a bulging mass protruding from the base of the spine, what diagnostic test could confirm Spina Bifida ?
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alpha-feto-protein levels
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In order to prevent neural tube defects pregnant women should consume ?mcg of ? per day when trying to become pregnant and during the pregnancy.
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400mcg, Folic Acid
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Assessment of neural tube defects include thoroughly assessing the ? at birth observing for ? of the lower extremities, examine for a relaxed ? or dribbling ?
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back,
movement, anus, urine |
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Nursing management of neural defects includes - Surgery is performed for meningocele and myelomingocele ? to prevent infection. If hydrocephalus develops a ? will be placed to reduce pressure.
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ASAP,
shunt |
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If the RN finds evidence of Spina Bifida he should place the infants torso in a ? or cover it with a ? dressing to prevent drying. The infant should be placed in the ? or ? position to prevent trauma to the sac and the sac should be monitored for signs of ?
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plastic bag,
sterile saline, prone, side lying, infection |
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A problem with absorption or obstruction with flow of cerebral spinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain can cause ? This causes ? of the brain and ? of the head.
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hydrocephalus,
compression, enlargement |
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S/S of hydrocephalus with a neonate include bulging ?, seperation of ? lines, the head is enlarged especially in the ? area, in the eyes we may see the sclera unusually visible above the pupils of the eyes, this is the ? sign. Hydrocephalus can also cause ? depression do to compression of the ?
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fontanels,
suture, frontal, setting sun, respiratory, medulla |
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Nursing management of hydrocephaly includes measure the head ? daily, prevent ? areas by rotating the head side to side, observe for signs of ? Teach parents how to care for shunt and signs of increased ? pressure,
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circumference,
pressure, infection, intracranial |
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Save one life and you're a hero, save hundreds of lives and you are a ?
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Nurse
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The most common type of congenital heart defect is ? It can occur alone or with other defects. The opening ranges from the size of ? to very large. Many small defects close ?
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Ventricular septal defect,
pin hole, spontaneously |
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When there is a space in the septum with no other defects of the heart and the left ventricle contracts and blood is shunted into the right ventricle and recirculated to the lungs this is a ? defect a.k.a. ? to ? shunt. This defect can cause ? resistance leading to ? hypertension, and ? of the right ventricle leading to ? failure. If the defect is large ? will be required.
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ventricular septal defect,
LEFT to RIGHT shunt, pulmonary, pulmonary, hypertrophy, Heart, Surgery |
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The normal fetal structure that allows blood to bypass circulation to the lungs since the fetus does not use their lungs while in uterus is the ?
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Ductus Arteriosus
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There is left to right shunting in both ? and ? Which one of these is most common in preterm infants ? The defect that causes a right to left shunting is ?
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Ventricular Septal defect,
Patent Ductous Arteriosus, PDA, Tetralogy of Fallot |
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In PDA ?'s cause vasodilation keeping the PDA open. A medicine injection that works by causing the PDA to constrict and close the blood vessel is ?, which is an NSAID which makes it a ? inhibitor.
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Prostoglandins,
Indomethacin, prostoglandin |
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Normally the Ductus Arteriosus is closed by high levels of ? within ? hrs post delivery.
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oxygen,
24 |
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The ductus arteriosis lets oxygenated blood flow from the ? to the ? artery and ? in the fetus while in utero so that the lungs can get the small amount of O2 that they need for tissue growth not for O2 for the baby.
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Aorta,
Pulmonary, lungs |
