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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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volatile acid can be eliminated as _______ by the _______
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co2
lungs |
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volatile acids formula is...
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h2co3
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nonvolatile acid is b_______ by the body and excreted by the k_______
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buffered by the body
excreted by the kidneys |
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examples of nonvolatile acids are..
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sulfuric acid
phosphoric acids |
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what is so important about bicarb?
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it is the major buffer system
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bicarb is regulated by the _______
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kidneys
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pH changes that are the result of changed in bicarb are termed _______
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metabolic acidosis/alkalosis
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pH is a measure of _______ concentration
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H+
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PaCO2 signals how well the l_______ are v_______
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lungs are ventilating
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bicarbonate levels reflects _______ activity
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kidney
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what is the normal level of PaCO2
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35-45
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what is the normal level of HCO3
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22-26
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proteins transport ______ and ______
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H and HCO3
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how does the renal system maintain acid base balance?
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it either holds onto HCO3 or lets it gooooooo
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what are the three primary buffering systems in the kidney?
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HCO3
phos glutamine |
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HCO3 exchanges ______ with ______ ion
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Na
H |
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CO2 + H20 =?
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carbonic acid
carbonic acid will then diffuse into H and HCO3 |
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carbonic acid diffuses into ______ and ______
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H
HCO3 |
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H exchanged with ______ in serum
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Na
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what are 3 risk factors for sleep apnea?
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gender
obesity age |
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central sleep apnea is rarecommon?
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rare
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apnea hypopnea index has two components.
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apnea: airflow cessation for >10 seconds
hypopnea: <resp depth/rate |
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what are signs and symptoms of sleep apnea
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snoring
day time somnulence >secretions >medical issues |
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what is the tx options for sleep apnea?
4 |
sx
cpap wt loss steriods |
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cpap aids in ______ issues
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oxygenation
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bipap aids in ______ issues
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ventilation
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5 causes of hyperventilation
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asa overdose
brain tumor anxiety pneumonia pulmonary embolism |
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respiratory alkalosis is marked by an increase in ______ and decrease in ______
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ph
PCO2 |
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production in which metabolic acid would result in metabolic acidosis?
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non volatile
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a decrease in renal acid secretion could cause which acid base inbalance?
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metabolic acidosis
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an excess loss of HCO3 could cause which acid base imbalance?
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metabolic acidosis
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and increase in serum chrloride could cause which acid base imbalance?
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metabolic acidosis
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I've been on so many blind dates..
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...i should get a free dog
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hypoxemia could cause which acid base balance?
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metabolic acidosis
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diaarhea could cause which acid base imbalance?
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metabolic acidosis
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the primary disturbance in metabolic acidosis is a decerase in _______
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a decrease in HCO3
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in metabolic acidosis, the lungs will compensate by _______ and decreasing _______
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hyperventilating
PCO2 |
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renal compensation in metabolic acidosis occurs by increasing H extretion/absorption and increasing/decreasing HCO3 reabsorption
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H+ excretion
increasing HCO3 |
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Take everything in moderation....
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...including moderation
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increased production of nonvolatile metabolic acids would cause which acid base disorder?
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metabolic acidisos
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metabolic acidosis, the primary disturbance is a decrease in _____
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HCO3
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decreased renal acid secretion could lead to which acid base balance disorder
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metabolic acidosis
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respiratory compenation in metabolic acidosis is hyper/hypo ventilation?
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hyper
to decrease PCO2 |
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an increase in chloride can lead to which metabolic disorder?
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metabolic acidosis
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renal compensation in metabolic acidosis in metabolic acidosis is increased _____ excretion and increased _____ reabsorption
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H excretion
HCO3 reabsorption |
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diarrhea can cause which acid base imbalance?
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metabolic acidosis
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