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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did Marquis de Condorcet say that advancing science would do?
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extend life, ease labor, and generate material
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What were some reasons as to the falling limitations to universities in America?
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higher population, and booming industries that needed to higher as many chemists and engineers as colleges could produce
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How did states get support for agricultural and manufacturing research?
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tax money
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What were some communication and transportation improvements in Europe and the US during the 19th century?
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railroads/steamships
telegraphs |
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At the beginning of research and development, who typically funded for it?
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individual investors
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What afforded innovators legal monopolies in the US and Germany?
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patent law
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Why did industrial research in the US grow sharply during and after WWI?
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allied blockade forced US to find substitutes for products that Germany had provided
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Who and what was developed as the first effective treatment for common diseases caused by infections?
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Germany devloped sulfa drugs
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What became more common for middle-class families during the 1920s?
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ownership of stocks and bonds
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What was the advantage of US and Germany versus Britain and Japan?
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Britain and Japan developed strengths in particular areas, while US and Germany demonstratd excellence across a broad range of subjects
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What was the general goal of the Five Year Plan announced by Stalin in 1928?
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The goal was to build a bureaucracy to over see education, research, manufacturing, and agriculture.
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What was the only way for the Soviet Union to finance industrial growth?
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limit consumption, which led to mass starvation
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What was put in place in the west to protect domestic industries from foreign competition?
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tariffs
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What did Frederick Winslow Taylor do for industrial growth?
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approach of "scientific management" blended psychology and industry, hoping to achieve maximum productivity in the workplace
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Between 1910 and 1940, scientists discovered...?
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that mutations in genes could occur spontaneously
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In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick determined what?
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DNA
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By the 1920's, Mandelin genetics were useful in understanding what?
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hereditary diseases and in breeding livestock and crops
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the better breeding of humans, beginning in the 19th century
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eugenics
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What were some costs of "the convergence of knowing and doing?"
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disease outbreaks, toxic wastes, urban smog, global climate change, and atomic bomb
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Who were the scientists that discovered that electricity is associated with magnetism?
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Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry
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Who created the incandescent lightbulb?
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Thomas Edison
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Who by and when was the telegram created?
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Samuel Morse, 1838
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Who by and when was the phone created?
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Alexander Graham Bell, 1876
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Who by and when was the radio created?
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Gugliemo Marconi, 1896
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What was considered the first worldwide event?
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Krakatoa, 1883 - largest explosion in recorded human history
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What two scientists advanced in the study of medical imaging?
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Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
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Which two scientists came up with the "germ theory" of disease?
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Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch
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Why did French construction of the Panama Canal fail?
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engineering problems
financial problems DISEASE |
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Why did the US succeed in the construction of the Paname Canal?
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had more money, technology, and doctors that discovered the cause of malaria (developed fumigation car and quarantine station)
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historical records produced at a time that is contemporary with the event or period being studied
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primary source
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books, articles, television documentaries, historical films that were produced after the events they describe occurred
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secondary source
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logical conclusion drawn from evidence
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inference
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