Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
When sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed in water the component atoms of the NaCl crystal dissociate into individual sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-). In contrast, the atoms of covalently bonded molecules (e.g., glucose, sucrose, glycerol) do not generally dissociate when placed in aqueous solution. Which of the following solutions would be expected to contain the greatest number of particles (molecules or ions)?
1 L of 1.0 M NaCl 1 L of 1.0 M glucose 1 L 0.5 M glucose 1 L of 0.5 M NaCl C and D only |
1 L of 1.0 M NaCl
|
|
|
a C-C single bond can rotate
True False |
True
|
|
|
How many molecules of glucose (C6H12O6, molecular mass =180 daltons) would be present in one mole of glucose?
23 x 10^14 24 6.02 x 10^23 180 x 10^14 342 |
6.02 x 10^23
|
|
|
What type of hybrid orbitals are formed when carbon makes bonds with four other atoms?
sp1 sp2 sp3 sp4 sp5 |
sp3
|
|
|
The molecular mass of glucose (C6H12O6) is 180 g. To make a 0.5 M solution of glucose, you should do which of the following?
Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in 1 L of water. Dissolve 180 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of solution is 1 L. Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water. |
Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.
|
|
|
Which of the following solutions has the greatest concentration of hydrogen ions
black coffee at pH 5 vinegar at pH 3 household bleach at pH 12 gastric juice at pH 2 tomato juice at pH 4 |
gastric juice at pH 2
|
|
|
Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by
releasing H+ in acidic solutions. donating H+ to a solution when they have been depleted. releasing OH- in basic solutions. accepting H+ when they are in excess. both B and D |
both B and D
|
|
|
a C=C double bond can rotate
True False |
False
|
|
|
What type of hybrid orbitals are formed when carbon makes bonds with three other atoms?
sp1 sp2 sp3 sp4 sp5 |
sp2
|
|
|
a C=O double bond cannot rotate
True False |
True
|
|
|
If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, it means that the:
concentration of H+ is 2 times less than what it was at pH 5. concentration of OH- is 100 times greater than what it was at pH 5. concentration of H+ is 2 times greater than what it was at pH 5. concentration of H+ is 100 times greater and the concentration of OH- is 100 times less than what they were at pH 5. concentration of OH- is 100 times less than what it was at pH 5. |
concentration of OH- is 100 times greater than what it was at pH 5.
|
|
|
Which bonds must be broken for water to vaporize?
hydrogen bonds ionic bonds nonpolar covalent bonds polar covalent bonds covalent bonds |
hydrogen bonds
|
|
|
In a single molecule of water, the two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by:
nonpolar covalent bonds. hydrogen bonds. polar covalent bonds. van der Waals interactions. ionic bonds. |
polar covalent bonds.
|
|
|
The molecular mass of glucose is 180 g. To make a 1 M solution of glucose, you should do which of the following?
Dissolve 180 mg (milligrams) of glucose in 1 L of water. Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water. Dissolve 1 g of glucose in 1 L of water. Dissolve 180 g of glucose in water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 100 g of water. |
Dissolve 180 g of glucose in water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.
|
|
|
Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions?
They maintain a constant pH when acids are added to them but not when bases are added to them. They are found only in living systems and biological fluids. They maintain a constant pH of exactly 7 in all living cells and biological fluids. They maintain a constant pH when bases are added to them but not when acids are added to them. They maintain a relatively constant pH. |
They maintain a relatively constant pH.
|
|
|
What is the reason why hydrocarbons are not soluble in water?
They are lighter than water. The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon to hydrogen linkages. They are hydrophilic. They exhibit considerable molecular complexity and diversity. |
The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
|
|
|
Recall that when sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed in water the component atoms of the NaCl crystal dissociate into individual sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-). In contrast, the atoms of covalently bonded molecules (e.g., glucose, sucrose, glycerol) do not generally dissociate when placed in aqueous solution. Which of the following solutions would be expected to contain the greatest concentration of particles (molecules or ions)?
0.5 M NaCl 1.0 M MgCl2 0.5 M glucose 1.0 M NaCl 1.0 M glucose |
1.0 M glucose
|
|
|
The slight negative charge at one end of one water molecule is attracted to the slight positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?
a hydrophilic bond a covalent bond a hydrogen bond an ionic bond a hydrophobic bond |
a hydrogen bond
|
|
|
What do cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion have in common with reference to water?
All increase when temperature increases. All are properties related to hydrogen bonding. All are produced by ionic bonding. All have to do with nonpolar covalent bonds. C and D only |
All are properties related to hydrogen bonding.
|
|
|
What determines the cohesiveness of water molecules?
hydrophobic interactions hydrogen bonds nonpolar covalent bonds ionic bonds both A and C |
hydrogen bonds
|
|
|
Hydrophilic substances tend to be ionic or contain polar groups?
True False |
True
|
|
|
Water's high specific heat is mainly a consequence of the:
inability of water to dissipate heat into dry air. fact that water is a poor heat conductor. high specific heat of oxygen and hydrogen atoms. absorption and release of heat when hydrogen bonds break and form. small size of the water molecules. |
absorption and release of heat when hydrogen bonds break and form.
|
|
|
If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, it means that the:
concentration of H+ is 2 times less than what it was at pH 5. concentration of OH- is 100 times greater than what it was at pH 5. concentration of H+ is 2 times greater than what it was at pH 5. concentration of H+ is 100 times greater and the concentration of OH- is 100 times less than what they were at pH 5. concentration of OH- is 100 times less than what it was at pH 5. |
concentration of OH- is 100 times greater than what it was at pH 5.
|
|
|
Enantiomers:
contain a carbon bonded to four different atoms or functional groups are mirror image molecules contain a C=C double bond contain a carbon bonded to three different atoms or functional groups A and B |
A and B
|
