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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many p orbitals are in the second electron energy shell?
1 2 3 4 5 |
3
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What is the maximum number of electrons in a 2p orbital of an atom?
1 2 4 5 3 |
2
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Each element is unique and different from other elements because of the number of protons in the nuclei of its atoms. Which of the following indicates the number of protons in an atom's nucleus?
atomic number mass number atomic weight atomic mass mass weight |
atomic number
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Formation of a hydrogen bond involves:
an electronegative donor atom with a covalently bound hydrogen an electronegative atom with an unbonded electron pair sharing of a hydrogen atom between a donor and acceptor atom A and B A, B, and C |
an electronegative atom with an unbonded electron pair
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What is the approximate atomic mass of an atom with 16 neutrons, 15 protons, and 15 electrons?
15 daltons 31 daltons 30 daltons 46 daltons 16 daltons |
31 daltons
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What is the electron configuration of phosphorous (atomic number 15)?
1s2 2s2 2p5 3s2 3p4 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 1s2 2s2 2p4 3s2 3p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 3p4 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s4 3p1 |
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
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Fluorine has an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19. How many electrons are needed to complete the valence shell of a fluorine atom?
5 7 9 3 1 |
1
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Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 16. Thus, the atomic mass of an oxygen atom is:
exactly 8 daltons. approximately 16 grams. 24 amu (atomic mass units). approximately 16 daltons. exactly 8 grams. |
approximately 16 daltons.
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Which of the following statements is false?
Protons and electrons are electrically charged particles. Protons have one unit of negative charge, and electrons have one unit of positive charge. The neutrons and protons present in the nucleus of an atom are almost identical in mass; each has a mass of about 1 dalton. An atom is the smallest unit of an element that still retains the properties of the element. All atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons in their nuclei. Atoms of the various elements differ in their number of subatomic particles. |
Protons and electrons are electrically charged particles. Protons have one unit of negative charge, and electrons have one unit of positive charge.
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About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen carbon, sodium, chlorine, nitrogen carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium carbon, oxygen, sulfur, calcium |
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
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From its atomic number of 15, it is possible to predict that the phosphorus atom has:
15 neutrons. 15 protons. 15 electrons. 8 electrons in its outermost electron shell. B and C only |
B and C only
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When two atoms are equally electronegative, they will interact to form:
polar covalent bonds. ionic bonds. ions. equal numbers of isotopes. nonpolar covalent bonds. |
nonpolar covalent bonds.
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A molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) is formed when one atom of carbon (atomic number 6) is covalently bonded with two atoms of oxygen (atomic number 8). What is the total number of electrons that must be shared between the carbon atom and the oxygen atoms in order to complete the outer electron shell of all three atoms?
3 1 5 2 4 |
4
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Atoms whose outer electron shells contain eight electrons tend to:
be unstable and chemically very reactive. form ionic bonds in aqueous solutions. be isotopes and very radioactive. form covalent bonds in aqueous solutions. be stable and chemically nonreactive, or inert. |
be stable and chemically nonreactive, or inert.
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An atom with an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19 would have an atomic mass of approximately:
20 grams. 9 grams. 10 daltons. 19 daltons. 9 daltons. |
19 daltons.
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The ionic bond of sodium chloride is formed when:
sodium and chlorine share an electron pair. chlorine gains an electron from sodium. chlorine gains a proton from sodium. sodium gains an electron from chlorine. sodium and chlorine both lose electrons from their outer valence shells. |
chlorine gains an electron from sodium.
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The atomic number of neon is 10. Therefore, which of the following is correct about an atom of neon?
It has 8 electrons in its outer electron shell. It is inert. It has an atomic mass of 10 daltons. A and B only A, B, and C are correct. |
A and B only
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Trace elements are those required by an organism in only minute quantities. Which of the following is a trace element that is required by humans and other vertebrates?
phosphorus calcium iodine sodium nitrogen |
iodine
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What kind of a bond does NH4+ form with Cl- to make ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl)?
nonpolar covalent hydrogen polar covalent ionic C and D only |
ionic
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Nitrogen (N) is much more electronegative than hydrogen (H). Which of the following statements is correct about the atoms in ammonia (NH3)?
The nitrogen atom has a partial positive charge. Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge. There are covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms. The nitrogen atom has a strong positive charge. Each hydrogen atom has a slight negative charge. |
Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge.
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Electrons exist only at fixed levels of potential energy. However, if an atom absorbs sufficient energy, a possible result is that:
an electron may move to an electron shell farther out from the nucleus. the atom would become a negatively charged ion, or anion. the atom would become a positively charged ion, or cation. an electron may move to an electron shell closer to the nucleus. the atom may become a radioactive isotope. |
an electron may move to an electron shell farther out from the nucleus.
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A polar covalent bond can form when:
one of the atoms has a greater affinity for electrons than the other atom of the same molecule. two atoms of a molecule attract electrons equally. there is the gain of one or more electrons from one atom to another atom of the same molecule. one of the atoms has a greater affinity for neutrons than the other atom of the same molecule. there is the loss of one or more electrons from one atom to another atom of the same molecule. |
one of the atoms has a greater affinity for electrons than the other atom of the same molecule.
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Different atomic forms of an element contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. What are these different atomic forms called?
ions isomers neutronic atoms isotopes radioactive atoms |
isotopes
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What is the maximum number of electrons in a 2p orbital of an atom?
1 2 4 5 3 |
2
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Which of the following types of bond is the strongest?
Covalent bond Ionic bond Hydrogen bond Van der Waals interaction None, they all have equal strength |
Covalent bond
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What do the four elements most abundant in life-carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen-have in common?
They are elements produced only by living cells. Each element exists in only one isotopic form. They all have unpaired electrons in their valence shells. They all have the same number of valence electrons. They are equal in electronegativity. |
They all have unpaired electrons in their valence shells.
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Calcium has an atomic number of 20 and an atomic mass of 40. Therefore, a calcium atom must have:
40 electrons. 20 protons. 40 neutrons. A and B only A, B, and C |
20 protons.
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The nucleus of a nitrogen atom contains 7 neutrons and 7 protons. Which of the following is a correct statement concerning nitrogen?
The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 14 and an atomic mass of 7 grams. The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 7 grams and an atomic number of 14. The nitrogen atom has a mass number of approximately 14 daltons and an atomic mass of 7. The nitrogen atom has a mass number of approximately 7 daltons and an atomic mass of 14. The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 14 and an atomic mass of approximately 14 daltons. |
The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 14 and an atomic mass of approximately 14 daltons.
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The atomic number of each atom is given to the left of each of the elements below. Which of the atoms has the same valence as 12carbon?
10neon 14silicon 9fluorine 7nitrogen 12magnesium |
14silicon
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What do atoms form when they share electron pairs?
elements molecules isotopes ions aggregates |
molecules
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How do isotopes of the same element differ from each other?
number of electrons amount of radioactivity valence electron distribution number of neutrons number of protons |
number of neutrons
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What does the reactivity of an atom depend on?
presence of hybridized orbitals in the atom presence of unpaired electrons in the outer valence shell of the atom number of electrons in each orbital in the atom number of orbitals found in the atom number of valence shells in the atom |
presence of unpaired electrons in the outer valence shell of the atom
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What is the maximum number of covalent bonds an element with atomic number 8 can make with hydrogen?
4 1 6 2 3 |
2
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