2008 Fall Neurohistology/neurophysiology

Front 1

Two basic cell types in the nervous system

Back 1

Neurons and glial cells

Front 2

neuron cell bodies are also known as

Back 2

soma, and parikaryon

Front 3

functions of the soma include

Back 3

metabolic center of cell
signal reception
local signal propagation
production of proteins and other molecules

Front 4

Axon hillock is the:

Back 4

junction of the cell body and the axon

Front 5

dendritic spines are also known as

Back 5

gemmules

Front 6

2 primary actions of axons are signal ____ and ____

Back 6

signal propagation and signal transmission

Front 7

Axonal transport moves

Back 7

organelles, macromolecules, etc. between the cell body and regions of the axon

Front 8

anterograde transport means movement from

Back 8

the cell body to the termination of the axon

Front 9

retrograde transport means movement from

Back 9

the axon terminal to the cell body

Front 10

AP generation occurs in the axon

Back 10

axon hillock

Front 11

Axon terminal branches into the

Back 11

terminal arbor

Front 12

Myelin is produced by ___ in the CNS and ___ in the PNS

Back 12

oligodenrocytes in the Central Nervous System and Schwann cells in the Peripheral nervous system

Front 13

myelin results in an increases:
and conserves:

Back 13

conduction velocity of AP
metabolic energy

Front 14

Nodes of Ranvier are regions without _____

Back 14

myelin

Front 15

There is a high concentration of ___ at the Nodes of Ranvier

Back 15

Na channels

Front 16

The propagation of an AP occurs at

Back 16

the Nodes of Ranvier

Front 17

An internode is

Back 17

the part of the axon covered in myelin between the nodes of ranvier

Front 18

Unmyelinated nerve fibers in the PNS are usually

Back 18

ensheathed by Schwann cells

Front 19

Unmyelinated nerve fibers in the CNS may be

Back 19

covered by processes of astocytes, but are generally not ensheathed

Front 20

Input from other neurons synapses on these two parts of the second neuron

Back 20

the dendrites and cell body

Front 21

The local change in membrane potential is known as

Back 21

receptor potential

Front 22

Inputs from other neurons produce a:

Back 22

receptor potential in the next neuron

Front 23

The receptor potential/local change in membrane potential could cause

Back 23

an action potential if it is of sufficient magnitude

Front 24

Bipolar and pseudounipolar neurons have this function

Back 24

sensory

Front 25

Cell bodies of bipolar and pseudounipolar neurons are located in

Back 25

the Posterior (Peripheral) root ganglia and the Central root ganglia

Front 26

Sensory neurons (bipolar and pseudounipolar) do not have axons. what do they have?

Back 26

Proximal and distal processes

Front 27

Efferent neurons innervate

Back 27

muscles and glands

Front 28

Interneurons are always ____-polar

Back 28

multipolar

Front 29

Oligodendrocytes have this function

Back 29

produce myelin

Front 30

astrocytes have this function

Back 30

maintain the general environment and communicate with neurons

Front 31

Microglia have this function

Back 31

phagocytic

Front 32

Ependymal cells line

Back 32

the ventricles

Front 33

Satellite cells are in the ___ and do this:

Back 33

PNS
are specialized Schwann cells that surround the neuronal body

Front 34

ended at slide:

Back 34

24, 1st ppt in the class