Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Where can you find genetic differences?
What are identical twins called? what is the ratio? ___zygote(s) and what occurs? what are faternal twins called? what is the ratio? how many zygotes? why incr. in rate? percentage of incr. fraternal twin births in the US, and from what time? why incr? |
monozygotic twins
4 in 1,000 one zygote split during early embryonic development -1 sperm/1 egg Dizygotic twins 12 in 1,000 two zygotes in vitro fertilization 52%/ 1980-97 fertility clinics/implanting more than one blastocyst (early stage of an embryo)=successful pregnancy |
|
|
Somatic Cells-
___sets of____________(______) total? ___________=____chromosomes ___________=____chromosomes |
two/ chromosomes/ dipliod
46/ chromosomes maternal/ 23 paternal/ 23 |
|
|
Gamete-
consists of what? |
sperm
egg (ovum) one set of chromosomes (haploid) 23 chromosmes in human gametes |
|
|
Meiosis-
formation of what? what is involved? from what to what? which is called? in humans, what to what? process of producing what? |
the formation of gametes
sperm egg diploid to haploid segregation 46 chrom to 23 chrom two sets (2n) to one set (n) sperm eggs gametes |
|
|
what is independent assortment?
what is the possible gamete combination? possible zygote combo? likelihood of two sibs (not identical twins) to be born genetically identical? what is this process based on? |
paternal and maternal sets of chroms are freely mixed
2^23=8.38 million 70 trillion less than 1 in 70 trillion random paternal and maternal |
|
|
Gregor Mendel-
what did he do? pub of paper? what was his law on? |
experiment w/ garden peas
1865 genetic inheritance |
|
|
how do christmas island land crabs reproduce?
|
females lay 100,000 eggs each breeding season
directly into ocean each egg is genetically unique |
|
|
mutation-
define. caused by? alters? |
alteration of DNA sequences
UV light, radiation, chemicals sequence of amino acids-building blocks of protein |
|
|
Cystic Fibrosis-
what occurs? what do the CF proteins normally do? what happens to the CF protein? |
alveolar cells (lung air sac) are covered w/ mucus
regulates the passage of salts through the cell memb. CF gene is mutated |
|
|
Tays-Sachs Disease-
what is it? what happens? the lack of what results in what? what is the cause? |
metabolic disorder
gene/ mutated to prod. an abnormal enzyme lack of enzyme results in the accumulation of fatty cmpds in the brain destruction of brain cells 1 defective letter |
|
|
diff from chimps?
earth pop? arc? # of human nuerons? life on earth? what elems, percentage? |
frontal lobe/ grossly enlrged
6.5 billion 23.5 degrees hundred bill to trill nuerons 3.5 billion C, H, O/ 95% |
