2. Families And Households: 5. Changing Family Patterns ❌

Front 1

How many children are born outside of marriage currently?

Back 1

Over 50%.

Front 2

Whats the difference of what age women having children at from 1971 to 2012?

Back 2

Has risen to 28.1.

Front 3

What was the average number of children women had in 1964?

Back 3

2.95 per woman.

Front 4

What was the average number of children women had in 2010?

Back 4

1.63.

Front 5

How many children born in 1973 will be childless by 45?

Back 5

1/4.

Front 6

What statistic shows that the stigma of birth outside marriage has decreased?

Back 6

28% of 25-34 year old thinks you don't need to be married to have a child.

Front 7

What percent of families are lone parent ones?

Back 7

22%, 1/4 of children living in this set up.

Front 8

Why are the reasons (3) for the increase in lone parent families?

Back 8

1. Increase in divorce and separation.

2. Increase in single women having children.

3. Decrease in stigma of births outside marriage.

Front 9

What are the 3 reasons lone parent families tend to be female?

Back 9

1. Women are believed to be more nurturing,

2. Custody of children usually goes to mother.

3. Men are less willing to give up work to look after children?

Front 10

Why might professional women not restricted to a marriage?

Back 10

Renovize 1985 found professional women could support themselves and their child without the father.

Front 11

What is a perverse incentive?

Back 11

The rewards the state gives out for things like not getting a job, or becoming a lone parent.

Front 12

Whats the dependency culture?

Back 12

The way people think the state will always support them.

Front 13

Why might lone parents not be ale to work?

Back 13

As a result of the lack of affordable childcare,

Front 14

In how many families is at least one child from a women's previous relationship?

Back 14

85%.

Front 15

Why are stepparents in more risk of divorce?

Back 15

As there are likely to be more children to support.

Front 16

What percentage of the population was white in 2011?

Back 16

86%.

Front 17

What percentage of the population was Asian & Asian British in 2011?

Back 17

7.5%.

Front 18

What percentage of the population was Black & Black British in 2011?

Back 18

3.3%.

Front 19

What percentage of the population was mixed in 2011?

Back 19

2.2%.

Front 20

Whats the ethnicity with the highest lone parent rate?

Back 20

Black African & Black Caribbean. Over half of families with dependent children were lone black parents.

Front 21

Why might black families have a higher rate of lone parent families?

Back 21

Unemployment & poverty mean that some black men could be less able to provide for their families. Leading to seperation.

Could go back to slavery, where children would be sold with their mothers.

Front 22

In 2012 what percentage of marriage ended in divorce?

Back 22

40%.

Front 23

What percentage of divorce petitions came from women in 1946?

Back 23

37%.

Front 24

What percentage of divorce petitions came from women in 2012?

Back 24

65%.

Front 25

What are the 4 risk factors for couples, regarding divorce?

Back 25

1. People who marry young.

2. People who have a child before they marry.

3. People who cohabit before they marry.

4. People who have been previously married.

Front 26

What are the 7 reasons for the increase in divorce?

Back 26

1. Changes in the law.

2. Decline stigma and changing attitudes.

3. Secularisation.

4. Rising expectations of marriage.

5. Women's increase financial independence.

6. Feminist explanations.

7. Modernity and individualisation.

Front 27

Why would changes in the law lead to an increase in divorce?

Back 27

It's now easier for women to petition a divorce.

Divorces are cheaper.

Front 28

What happened in 1923 regarding divorce and how did it effect the rate?

Back 28

Divorce requirements became equal, which lead to a sharp increase in divorce.

Front 29

What happened in 1949 regarding divorce and how did it effect the rate?

Back 29

The legal aid cost lowered, rising the rate.

Front 30

What happened in 1971 regarding divorce and how did it effect the rate?

Back 30

People could get divorced based on irretrievable differences. The divorce rate doubled overnight.

Front 31

Define desertion.

Back 31

When married couples don't live together but are still legally married.

Front 32

Define legal separation.

Back 32

When couples separate their financial and legal things but remain married.

Front 33

Define empty shell.

Back 33

When couples are married only via their name.

Front 34

Why would changes in the law not actually lead to an increase in divorce?

Back 34

1. Just because its more accessible doesn't mean people will want to get one.

2. It doesn't completely explain the increase.