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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 drugs for Prostaglandins:
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DAME
-Dinoprostone -Alprostadil -Misoprostol -Epoprostenol |
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What is Dinoprostone?
2 therapeutic uses for it? |
Synthetic PGE2 (analog)
-Cervical ripening -Terminates early pregnancy |
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PGE2's effect on the pregnant uterus:
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Low conc - contraction
High conc - relaxation |
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Preparation of Dinoprostone when given for cervical ripening:
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Gel form
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2 actions of Dinoprostone that allow it to cause Cervical Ripening:
What receptor mediates these effects? |
-Activates collagenase
-Relaxes Cervix smooth muscle -Mediated by the EP4 receptor |
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Preparation form for Dinoprostone given for Termination of Pregnancy:
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Vaginal Suppository (high dose)
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What does Dinoprostone do at high dose/concentration in the vagina? What receptor mediates these effects?
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Stimulates uterine CONTRACTION
-mediated by EP1/EP3 receptors |
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3 side effects of Dinoprostone regardless of therapeutic use:
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-GI upset
-Fever -Uterine rupture |
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What is Alprostadil? What is it used for treating?
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PGE-1 Analog
-Impotence/ED -Maintains a patent DA |
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Preparation form of Alprostadil for ED/impotence:
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Intracavernous penile injection
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Mechanism of Alprostadil treating impotence:
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-Increases cAMP
-Dilates corpus cavernosum blood vessels -Engorges blood vessels in the corpus cavernosum |
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Receptors that mediate the effects of Alprostadil:
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EP2/EP4
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Side effect of Alprostadil given for impotence:
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Priapism
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Alternative treatment for impotence:
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Sildenafil
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Mechanism of Sildenafil:
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Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
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Preparation form of Alprostadil when given for maintaining a PDA:
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IV infusion
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Mechanism of Alprostadil for maintaining PDA:
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Same as for erection treatment
-Increases cAMP -Relaxes smooth muscle -Vasodilates ductus |
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Side effect of Alprostadil in neonates:
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Apnea
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What is Misoprostol?
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PGE1 analog - surprise!
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Therapeutic use of Misoprostol:
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Prevents ULCERS in longterm NSAID use; by replacing the cytoprotective effects of PgE inhibited by the NSAID
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Prep form of Misoprostol for preventing ulcers in patients on NSAIDs, what interval?
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Oral - 4X/day
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Mechanism of Misoprostol prevention of ulcers:
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Suppresses gastric acid secretion by decreasing cAMP
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Receptor that mediates the effects of Misoprostol on gastric parietal cells:
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EP3 receptors
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Additional mechanism of Misoprostol in preventing ulcer formation:
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-Increases gastric secretions of HCO3
-Increases mucosal bloodflow |
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Receptors that mediate the increased bloodflow by PGE analog Misoprostol:
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EP2/4 on bloodvessels
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Side effect of Misoprostol:
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Diarrhea
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Contraindication to giving Misoprostol:
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Pregnancy!
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What is Epoprostenol and what is its primary use?
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PGI2 analog
-Treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension |
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Primary pulmonary HTN:
-What patients get it -What does it lead to |
Rare idiopathic disease
-Young adults/females -Right heart failure |
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Method of Epoprostenol administration:
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Continuous IV infusion via ambulatory pump
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Mechanism of Epoprostenol in treating Primary pulmonary HTN and what receptor mediates the effects?
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-cAMP dilation of pulmonary artery
-Mediated by the IP receptor |
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Side effects of Epoprostenol:
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-N/v
-Flushing -Headache -Drug interactions |
