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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the Municipal Franchise Act, and when was it? What was the Local Government Act, and when was it? (3)
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-Municipal Franchise Act pf 1869
-It gave unmarried female tax payers the right to vote in local elections -BUT married women were not given this right until the 1894 local government act (as the government gave the excuse that men would force to vote as the man wished) |
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When did the Education Act happen, and what did it allow women to do? (3)
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-1870
-Allowed them to stand for election to schools boards -It was a radical reform of the education system |
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Why was the Education Act of 1870 necessary?
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-Prior to 1870, education was not provided for by the state, just through voluntary organisations, charities and churches
-Education was not compulsory and huge areas of England lacked schools of any kind (34% of kids aged 6-12 received no education -This was worsened by the rapid population growth, and the concentration of this population in industrialised towns, where the existing infrastructure/provisions simply could not cope -There was a belief that such an illiterate and innumerate workforce would lead to Britain fall behind their industrial competitors such as Germany and the USA -The 1867 reform act, where much more working class man got the vote, brought this to a head… There was a great need, it was believed, for the voting public to be educated to a certain extent |
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What was a school board, and how did they come about? (5)
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In 1870, WE Forster led a campaign and persuaded Parliament to pass his education act
-It divided England into districts and set up state run elementary schools in districts where there were a few or no elementary schools -Existing voluntary schools were not abolished, so a dual system in the country operated with the state funded schools filling the gaps in the existing provision -School boards were elected to run the districts, and women could stand for election to these boards -Women could also work voluntarily as managers of individual schools... They were given the chance to make a difference at a local and regional level |
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Why was it acceptable for women to serve on school boards? (3)
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-It could be seen as an extension of women's caring role with in the family/looking after others
-They had the required characteristics -Men didn't want to do it |
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Who was Margaret McMillan, and what was her significance?
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-She was the female member on a school board in Bradford
-She became a member of the early formed Labour Party... Clearly a influential force -Fought for the less well off children -The victory to get baths installed at one school led a to a great increase in medical provisions at lots of other schools... Change in attitude towards school boards |
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What were Poor Lw guardians?
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-They were people elected by the local community to make sure workhouses were being run properly
-Every workhouse had a guardian -Checked for evidence of health, cleanliness, finances etc -First woman elected in 1875, and there were 1,000 females in the job by 1901 |
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How was Christmas Day 1837 seen as a significant turning point for women and the workhouse? (3)
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-Around this day, the chairman of Petworth poor law guardians was asked by a parliamentary committee whether he would allow a women to gift a Christmas dinner to a workhouse child, to which he replied "No"
-Other people had similar attitudes to this man -Because of this, and the fact that workhouse children were often treated poorly and overlooked for treats, women began to intervene in this subject |
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What was the Workhouse Visiting Society, and when was it established? (4)
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-1859
-Formally recognised in 1857, it was not until 1859 that it became nationally organised due to the hard work of founder Louisa Twining -It aimed to bring help and comfort to individuals within the workhouse by helping them get visitors -Also aimed to influence public opinion in order to bring about a national change of attitude to the poor and to the causes of poverty |
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What was the Local Government Act, when was it?
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-1894
-It gave married women, along side single women the right to vote in local elections -Allowed women to stand for election as municipal councillors -A lot of women stood for election, but not many succeeded, and those that did had a difficult time, being alongside a male-dominated board who tended to be prejudiced -The elected women tended to concern themselves with welfare issues, and they often got elected in industrial/reformist cities |
