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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many licensed drugs exist? |
~1500 |
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How many new drugs are approved per year? |
~25 |
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Each drug has ____ classes. |
Multiple |
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What types of classes exist to classify drugs? |
Therapeutic, chemical, etc |
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How many names does any given drug have and what are they? |
3-- chemical (IUPAC) name, drug name, and trade name |
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What therapeutic area accounts for the largest percentage of drugs? |
Oncology |
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What is a drug target? |
The molecular recognition site to which a drug will bind |
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Drug targets are usually what type of molecule? |
Proteins, most commonly enzymes but also receptors and ion channels |
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What is the problem with exploring the genome to look for new drug targets? |
Not all genes produce proteins, not all produced proteins have receptors, not all receptors will work with drugs or have an effect on the body, and not all disease mechanisms can be targeted by drugs |
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How much does DNA vary between humans? |
0.2% |
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What organism is targeted by the majority of drugs? |
Humans |
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What organism is the second most targeted by drugs? |
Viral microbes |
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What is the classic style of finding drug targets? |
Exploring disease mechanisms |
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What is the post-genomic style of finding drug targets? |
Identified by analysing genetic basis or susceptibility to disease |
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What is the major pharmacological contribution of Hitchings and Elion? |
Exploring the synthesis of DNA-- providing a method of genomic drug targeting |
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What drug was accidentally discovered to help with mental focus in children? |
Ampethamine (Ritalin) |
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What are disease genes? |
Genetic mutations which cause or predispose people to develop a particular disease |
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What are disease modifying genes? |
Genes whose altered expression is thought to be involved in the development of the disease state or genes that encode functional proteins, whose activity is altered in disease state |
