(2) Ch. 19 Micturition

Front 1

renal tubules

Back 1

The fluid that remains in the ______ _______ after filtration, reabsorption, and secretion is excreted as urine.

Front 2

collecting ducts

Back 2

The fluid drains from the __________ _____ into the ureter, a thin tube leading to the bladder.

Front 3

Wavelike
ureter

Back 3

_________ contractions of the smooth muscle in the walls of the _______ propel the urine toward the bladder.

Front 4

bladder
micturition

Back 4

The _______ stores the urine until it is elinated in the process called ____________, or urination.

Front 5

gap junctions

Back 5

The wall of the bladder contains smooth muscle fibers that are connected by ___ ________ and thus function as a unit.

Front 6

detrusor muscle

Back 6

The smooth muscle fibers of the bladder are known collectively as the _________ ________.

Front 7

internal urethral sphincter

Back 7

In the neck of the bladder, muscle fibers converge and overlap, forming a thickening of the wall referred to as the _________ _________ __________ that acts as valve to regulate the flow of urine from the bladder.

Front 8

sphincter

Back 8

A __________ is any muscle structure that form a ring around a hollow organ or tube and regulates the flow of material by contracting or relaxing.

Front 9

contraction
relaxation
external urethral sphincter

Back 9

The flow of urine from the bladder is also controlled by the _________ and _________ of skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra as it passes through pelvic floor; this muscle is referred to as the _________ _________ __________.

Front 10

Micturition

Back 10

____________ is both under voluntary and involuntary control.

Front 11

contract
relaxes
opens
relaxes
opens

Back 11

Micturition occurs when the dtrusor muscle _______, the smooth muscle of the internal urethral sphincter ________ and this sphincter ______, and the skeletal muscle of the external urethral sphincter ________ and and this sphincter ______.

Front 12

autonomic

Back 12

Are the smooth muscle of the detrusor muscle and the internal urethral sphincter under voluntary or autonomic control?

Front 13

voluntary

Back 13

Is the skeletal muscle of the external urethral sphincter under voluntary or autonomic control?

Front 14

spinal reflex

Back 14

Micturition is regulated by a _______ _______ that can overridden by voluntary control in a trained individual .

Front 15

parasympathetic
sympathetic
somatic

Back 15

In the spinal cord, signals are relayed via interneurons to 3 sets of neurons that project back to the bladder and associated structures: _____________ neurons, which inntervated the detrusor muscle; ___________ neurons, which innervate the internal urethral sphincter; and _________ motor neurons, which innervate muscles of the external urethral sphincter.

Front 16

contaction
internal urethral sphincter
inhibits
external urethral sphincter

Back 16

_________ of the detrusor muscle increases the pressure on the contents of the bladder, and when the contraction of the detrusor muscle become strong enough they cause the _________ ________ _________ to open. At the same time, stratch receptor activity ________ sympathetic neurons projecting to the internal urethral sphincter and also inhibits somatic motor neurons projecting to the _________ _________ _________, allowing the sphincters to relax and open.

Front 17

sphincters

Back 17

The opening of both _________ coupled with the contraction of the detrusor muscle allows the bladder to empty.