2 Bacti: Branching

Front 1

Arcanobacterium pyogenes gen

Back 1

Arcanobacterium pyogenes:
- actinomycete: G+ pleomorphic, no filaments
- BA: tiny colonies, narrow zones of hemolysis

Front 2

Arcanobacterium pyogenes dz

Back 2

Arcanobacterium pyogenes dz:
1. abcesses, pneumonic inf (sec)
2. mastitis
3. pyometritis
4. arthritis
5. liver abcesses w/ Fusobacterium
6. role in sheep foot rot
7. SQ abcesses, lung lesions via tail biting
8. kidney inf

Front 3

Arcanobacterium pyogenes habitat

Back 3

Arcanobacterium pyogenes:
- mainly cattle, sheep, pigs, some rabbits
- opportunistic: wound injury, parturition, navel infection
- habitat: mucous mem, skin

Front 4

Arcanobacterium pyogenes dx, tx

Back 4

Arcanobacterium pyogenes dx:
- G stain of pus, joint fluid, etc
- BA culture
- commercial ID: API Coryne
- tx: Pen (poor response when abscess encapsulated), sx drainage

Front 5

actinomycete spp

Back 5

actinomycete spp:
1. Actinomyces
2. Arcanobacterium
3. Actinobaculum
4. Nocardia
5. Dermatophilus

Front 6

actinomycetes dz

Back 6

actinomycetes dz:
- higher bacti, fungus like
- G+, slow growing, tenacious colo
- some branching filaments
- pyogranulomatous lesions
- dz prevalence low, sporadic

Front 7

Actinomycetes bovis gen

Back 7

Actinomycetes bovis:
- anaerobic +CO2
- commensal: oral cavity of cattle
- trauma of oral mucosa --> localized osteomyelitis (lumpy jaw), pyogranuloma with fistulous tracts and swelling

Front 8

Actinomycetes bovis dx, tx

Back 8

Actinomycetes bovis:
- smear: G+ branching filaments, crushed granules + for clubs, rosettes
- early: Pen
- advanced: sx, iodine dressing, Na iodide IV

Front 9

Actinomycetes viscosus

Back 9

Actinomycetes viscosus:
- granulomatous abscesses of skin, SQ
- dogs, cats
- sx drainage, Pen, tetracycline

Front 10

Actinomycetes hordeovulneris

Back 10

Actinomycetes hordeovulneris:
- localized abscesses
- rarely pleuritis, peritonitis, arthritis
- grass (Hordeum) awns in dogs

Front 11

unclassified actinomycetes

Back 11

unclassified actinomycetes:
1. pigs: pyogranulomatous mastitis
2. horses: poll evil, fistulous withers

Front 12

Actinobaculum suis

Back 12

Actinobaculum suis:
- formerly Eubacterium suis
- anaerobic
- pigs: cystitis, pyelonephritis
- anorexia, arched back, dysuria, hematuria
- healthy boars are carriers
- Pen

Front 13

Nocardia gen

Back 13

Nocardia gen:
- G+ branching saprophyte
- BA: white/yellow, adherent
- sabourad: fungal med
- N. asteroides most common spp

Front 14

Nocardia bovine mastitis

Back 14

Nocardia bovine mastitis:
- entry: contaminated infusion equip
- multiplies in devitalized tissue --> discrete hard nodules
- prevention, culling
- early stages: novoblocin

Front 15

canine nocardiosis forms

Back 15

canine nocardiosis:
1. cutaneous: indolent ulcer or granulomatous swelling w/ discharging fistulous tracts
2. respiratory: inhalation--> fluid accum in thoracic cavity, fever, resp distress
3. disseminated: abcesses in organs, brain

Front 16

canine nocardiosis tx

Back 16

canine nocardiosis tx:
1. trimethoprim sulfa
2. tetracyclines
- pen not effective

Front 17

Dermatophilis congolensis

Back 17

Dermatophilus congolensis:
- G+ branching
- dermatophilosis/ streptothricosis: skin inf of R, horses
- occ carnivores, humans
1. rain scald/rot
2. lumpy wool disease
3. strawberry foot rot
4. face lesions

Front 18

Dermatophilis congolensis pathogenesis

Back 18

Dermatophilis congolensis pathogenesis:
- predis: skin trauma, tick infestation
- mobile/ infective zoospore release in wet cond from infected skin --> trans by flies, contact --> germination --> hyphal branches penetrate epidermis (injury) --> exudation --> PMNs collect beneath epidermis --> epidermal cells die
-->scab

Front 19

Dermatophilis congolensis dx

Back 19

Dermatophilis congolensis dx:
- smear from scab undersurface
- G or Giemsa stain: railroad track hyphae
- culture only if smear inconclusive

Front 20

Dermatophilis congolensis control, tx

Back 20

Dermatophilis congolensis tx, control:
- Pen + strep -or- long acting tetracyclines
- mild cases: remove scabs with mild soap, apply iodine or chlorhex
- dec skin trauma, control ticks