2-Arm

Front 1

Name the 2 compartments of the arm and which muscles are in each. What is the action of each

Back 1

anterior-biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis=flexors
posterior-triceps brachii=extensors

Front 2

What do the two proximal heads of the biceps brachii attach to?

Back 2

both attach to scapula
short head-coracoid porcess
long-supraglenoid tubercle

Front 3

What fixes the long head of the biceps brachii in place?

Back 3

transverse humeral ligament

Front 4

Describe the path of the long head of the biceps brachii as it attches to the supraglenoid tubercle.

Back 4

runs into glenoid joint, over head of humerus, inside the intertubercular groove where it will be fixed in place

Front 5

What does the distal end of the biceps brachii attach to? What separates them to reduce abration?

Back 5

tuberosity of radius
bicipitoradial bursa

Front 6

After attaching to the tuberosity of the radius the biceps continues as what? What does this merge with?

Back 6

bicipital aponeurosis
antebrachial (deep) fascia

Front 7

Where is the antebrachial fascia located?

Back 7

on top of flexor muscles in medial side of forearm

Front 8

What is the function of the bicipital aponeurosis?

Back 8

protect brachial artery and median nerve in cubital fossa, lessons pressure on biceps tendon on radial tuberosity during pronation and supination of forearm

Front 9

What is the action of the biceps brachii?

Back 9

flexes forearm when elbow is extended
supine the forearm when elbow is flexed (ie drive a screw)

Front 10

What innervates the biceps brachii?

Back 10

musculocutaneous nerve

Front 11

What is being tested in the bicipital myotatic reflex?

Back 11

deep-tendon reflex, musculocutaneous N or C5,6

Front 12

What are some injuries that can happen to the long head of the biceps brachii?

Back 12

biceps tendonitis, dislocation of the tendon, rupture of the tendon

Front 13

What is the appearance of a rupture of the tendon of the long head of the biceps?

Back 13

"Popeye deformity"-detached muscle forms ball near center of distal part of anterior aspect of arm

Front 14

What is the function of the brachialis?

Back 14

elbow flexor

Front 15

What innervates the brachialis?

Back 15

musculocutaneous N

Front 16

What is the origination and insertion of the brachialis?

Back 16

o-humerus
i-corocoid process of ulna

Front 17

Which nerve pierces through the coracobrachialis? (the same nerve that innervates it)

Back 17

musculocutaneous

Front 18

What is the function of the coracobrachialis?

Back 18

flexes and adducts arm

Front 19

The coracobrachialis cooperates w/ the deltoid and long head of triceps to do what?

Back 19

stabilize glenohumeral joint by resisting downward dislocation of the head of the humerus

Front 20

Which 2 nerves run deep to the coracobrachialis?

Back 20

median and humeral

Front 21

What is the origin and insertion of the triceps brachii?

Back 21

o-olecranon of ulna
i-infraglenoid tubercle

Front 22

What is the function of the triceps brachii?

Back 22

extend forearm, stabilize glenohumeral joint when arm is adducted, prevents inferior displacement of head of humerus, extension and adduction of arm

Front 23

What helps to reduce the friction between the tendon and olecranon?

Back 23

the distal attachment passes over the subtendinous olecranon bursa

Front 24

How can the triceps be tested for injury?

Back 24

abduct the arm 90 degrees first, then extend elbow joint against resistance

Front 25

What innervates the triceps brachii?

Back 25

radial N

Front 26

What is the small relatively unimportant muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm?

Back 26

anconeus

Front 27

Where does the bradhial artery begin and end? What does it branch into?

Back 27

from inferior border of teres major and ends in cubital fossa under the bicipital aponeurosis, divides into radial and ulnar arteries

Front 28

What nerve does the brachial artery run with?

Back 28

median

Front 29

Where is the brachial artery located w/ respect to the humerus, triceps and brachialis?

Back 29

at first medial to humerus, anterior to triceps and brachialis, eventually becomes anterior to humerus

Front 30

What are the branches of the brachial artery on the medial side? (lateral branches aren't named)

Back 30

deep artery of arm
nutrient humeral
superior ulnar collateral
inferior ulnar collateral

Front 31

Which medial branch of the brachial artery is the most superior and the largest branch?

Back 31

deep artery of the arm

Front 32

Which 2 medial branches of the brachial artery arise in the middle of the arm?

Back 32

nutrient humeral and superior ulnar collateral

Front 33

Which medial branch of the brachial artery arises close to the elbow?

Back 33

inferior ulnar collateral

Front 34

Which medial branch of the brachial artery runs w/ the radial nerve?

Back 34

deep artery of the arm

Front 35

Which medial branch of the brachial artery runs w/ the ulnar nerve?

Back 35

superior ulnar collateral

Front 36

Where is the best place to compress the brachial artery to stop bleeding?

Back 36

compress against the humerus near the middle of the arm

Front 37

What may be damaged when the humeral bone is fractured?

Back 37

brachial artery and radial nerve

Front 38

Name the superficial veins of the arm. How do these 2 veins communicate

Back 38

cephalic and basilica
communicate through median cubital vein

Front 39

On what side is the cephalic and basilica vein located? Where does each drain?

Back 39

cephalic-lateral
basilica-medial
both drain to axillary vein

Front 40

What are the four major nerves that pass through the arm? Which 2 have branches?

Back 40

musculocutaneous and radial branch
median and ulnar don't branch

Front 41

Which cord of the brachial plexus does the musculocutaneous nerve branch from?

Back 41

lateral

Front 42

What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

Back 42

all anterior flexors (3 muscles)

Front 43

Describe the path of the musculocutaneous nerve.

Back 43

begins at inferior border of pectoralis minor, pierces coracobrachialis, runs in between biceps and brachialis, ends at lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Front 44

The radial nerve is a direct continuation of which brachial plexus cord?

Back 44

posterior

Front 45

Which muscle does the radial nerve innervate?

Back 45

triceps

Front 46

Where does the radial nerve branch?

Back 46

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Front 47

Which artery does the radial nerve run with?

Back 47

deep artery of the arm

Front 48

Where is the radial nerve located w/ respect to the triceps, brachial artery and humerus?

Back 48

anterior to triceps, posterior to brachial artery, medial to humerus

Front 49

What does the deep branch of the radial nerve continue on to become?

Back 49

posterior interosseous nerve

Front 50

Which part of the skin does the superficial radial nerve supply?

Back 50

posterior forearm and dorsum of hand

Front 51

What does the median nerve form from?

Back 51

union of lateral and medial cord of the brachial plexus

Front 52

What does the median nerve innervate?

Back 52

elbow joint

Front 53

Describe the path of the median nerve? What does it run with?

Back 53

runs lateral to brachial artery until middle of arm, crosses to medial side and descends to cubital fossa, runs under bicipital aponeurosis

Front 54

What nerve comes from the medial cord of the brachial plexus?

Back 54

ulnar

Front 55

What does the ulnar nerve innervate?

Back 55

muscles of hands and a few forearm muscles

Front 56

What does the ulnar nerve pierce?

Back 56

medial intermuscular septum

Front 57

What artery does the ulnar nerve run with?

Back 57

superior ulnar collateral

Front 58

At the distal arm what is the path of the ulnar nerve?

Back 58

passes posterior to medial epicondlye and medial to olecranon to enter forearm

Front 59

Where is the ulnar nerve located w/ respect to the triceps and brachial artery?

Back 59

anterior to triceps
medial to brachial artery

Front 60

What makes the 'crazy bone'?

Back 60

ulnar nerve running posterior to epicondyle

Front 61

What can occur with injury tot he musculocutaneous nerve?

Back 61

paralysis of coracobrachialis, biceps and brachialis, weakened forearm flexion and supination, loss of sensation on lateral surface of forearm

Front 62

What is the sign of a radial nerve injury?

Back 62

wrist-drop, can't extend at metacarpophalangeal joints

Front 63

What can be the result of injury to the radial nerve before the branches to the triceps? What is the difference if the nerve isn't injured until after the triceps?

Back 63

paralysis of triceps, brachioradialis, supinator and extensors of wrist and digits, loss of sensation in dorsum hand and digits, injury after -triceps may not be completely paralyzed

Front 64

What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?

Back 64

superior-imaginary line connectingmedial and lateral epicondyles
medial-pronator teres
lateral-brachioradialis
floor-brachialis and supinator muscles of forearm
roof-deep fascia and bicipital aponeurosis

Front 65

What is contained in the cubital fossa?

Back 65

terminal part of brachial arteries and its branches, radial and ulnar arteries, deep veins, biceps brachii tendon, median nerve, radial nerve branches and median cubital nerve

Front 66

What is the clinical significance of the cubital fossa?

Back 66

venipuncture

Front 67

Which fingers are affected with injury at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint? DIP? metacarpophalangeal?

Back 67

-flexion of digits 1-3 are lost, 4-5 are weakened
-flexion of 2-3 lost, 4-5 not affected
-flexion of 2-3 affected