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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what 2 types of cell do periphery nerves contain axons from |
sensory neurons (afferent) motor neurons (efferent)
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are sensory neurones afferent or efferent |
afferent (towards CNS) |
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are motor neurons afferent or efferent |
efferent (away from CNS) |
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how many segments make up the spinal collumn in total |
31 |
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there are 31 segments in the spinal cord, how many spinal nerves does each segment give rise to |
2 |
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the axons in a peripheral nerve can be myelinated and unmyelinated, what are the characteristics of a myelinated fibre and what does it typically detect? |
Large axon diameter
Detects: Touch vibration motor |
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the axons in a peripheral nerve can be myelinated and unmyelinated, what are the characteristics of an unmyelinated fibre and what does it typically detect? |
Small axon diameter
Detects: Pain cold hot |
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do sensory afferents go through the ventral or dorsal aspect of the spinal cord |
dorsal |
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do motor efferents go through the ventral or dorsal aspect of the spinal cord |
ventral |
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what type of axon innervates skeletal muscle |
motorneuron axon |
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what is a myotome |
A myotome is the group of muscles that a single spinal nerve root innervates
Each muscle is supplied by a particular level/segment of the spinal cord and by its corresponding spinal nerve |
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what is a dermatome |
A dermatome is an area of skin that a single nerve innervates
An area of skin innervated by a particular level/segment of the spinal cord and its corresponding spinal nerve |
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what is the clinical significance of myotomes and dermatomes |
Evaluating extent (and level) of spinal injury e.g: • Voluntary movement; proprioception • Reflex movement
can all be tested |
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what can lead to the paralysis of the lower motor neuron |
motor neuron disease lesions of motor axons
lesion = (region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease, such as a wound, ulcer, abscess, or tumour) |
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what can lead to paralysis of the upper motor neuron |
stroke lesions of axons (e.g. SCI)
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in paralysis of the upper motor neuron, do reflexes persist? |
yes they continue to function as normal |
