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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a concussion?
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Transient loss of consciousness; sans structural damage
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Linear vs Depressed Skull Fractures
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Linear: most common; hairline fracture
Depressed: outer cortex bone falls inside skull; sx often req'd to elevate depressed bone |
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Raccoon Eyes vs Battles Sign
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Raccoon Eyes: peri-orbital ecchymosis suggests frontal basilar skull fructure
Battles Sign: mastoid ecchymosis suggests temporal bone basilar fracture |
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Epidural Hematomas vs Subdural Hematomas
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Epidural: associated with skull fractures, usually ARTERIAL in origin (Middle Meningeal Artery), may cause LOC then regain consciousness, then LOC again; sx often req'd
Subdural: Result from VENOUS bleeding (usually torn bridging vein going to superior sagittal sinus); worse prognosis; sx intervention usually req'd |
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What is a cerebral contusion?
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Bruise in the brain; mixture of blood and damaged tissue (intracerebral hematoma = lzn which is dense with blood)
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Coup vs Contrecoup
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Coup = area of impact
Contrecoup = opposite side (where brain shifted and hit) |
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What secondary brain injury is the first to be treated? How?
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Intracranial HTN:
Ventricular CSF drainage Lower body temp Hyperventilation Diuretic tx (mannitol) |
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What does the Monroe-Kellie Doctrine state?
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The skull is a rigid and inelastic box
Intracranial contents = blood, brain, CSF An increase in one of these components (or a space occupying lesion) must be compensated for by a decreased in another component or the intracranial pressure will rise |
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What is a high intracranial pressure?
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Over 20 mm Hg
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