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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What structures comprise the PNS and CNS?
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PNS: Cranial Nerves (peripheral nerves attached to brain); Spinal Nerves (Peripheral Nerve attached to spinal cord)
CNS: Brain, Brainstem, Cerebellum, Spinal Cord |
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What structures are contained within the telencephalon?
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Cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter
Basal ganglia Basal forebrain nuclei (FOREBRAIN) |
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What structures are contained within the diencephalon?
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Thalamus
Hypothalamus Epithalamus THALAMIC NUCLEI :) (FOREBRAIN) |
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What structures are contained within the mesencephalon?
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Cerebral peduncles
Midbrain |
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What structures are contained within the metencephalon?
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Pons
Cerebellum (HINDBRAIN) |
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What structures are contained within the myencephalon?
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Medulla
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Gyrus vs Sulcus
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Gyrus is a ridge
Sulcus is a groove |
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Broadmann's Number(s) for Primary Motor Cortex
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Precentral Gyrus: Area 4
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Broadmann's Number(s) for Primary Somatosensory Cortex
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Postcentral Gyrus: 1, 2, 3 (SENSORY STRIP)
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Broadmann's Number(s) for Visual Cortex
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17
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Broadmann's Number(s) for Auditory Cortex
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41
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With regard to speech/language, how do left and right hemisphere lesions differ?
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Left Lesion: Aphasia (problems producing speech)
Right Lesion: Neglect (no awareness or attention to one side of body) |
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Going from lateral to medial, list the major structures controlled by the primary motor and primary somatosensory cortices.
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Most lateral third: Face
Then Hand Most medial third: trunk, leg |
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What is a commisure?
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Structures that connect left and right hemisphere
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Function of thalamus.
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Grand Central Station for sensory information (except olfaction)
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Function of hypothalamus.
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Feeding (hunger AND thirst), fighting, fleeing, mating
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Functnon of pineal gland.
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secretes melatonin at night onset to make you sleepy
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Function of posterior pituitary.
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Secretes hormones including oxytocin and vasopressin
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Roots and vertebrae numbers for:
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral |
Cervical: 8 roots, 7 vertebrae
Thoracic: 12, 12 Lumbar: 5, 5 Sacral: 5, 5 |
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Where is a lumbar puncture performed?
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Between L4 and L5
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How do dorsal and ventral horns differ in terms of information sent/received?
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Dorsal: Sensory Afferent
Ventral: Motor Efferent It's always the SAME |
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Which region of gray matter of the ventral horn has motor output to the trunk?
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Medial
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Which region of gray matter of the ventral horn has motor output to the limbs?
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Lateral
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How would you differentiate between cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine cross-sections?
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Cervical: Closest to brain, lots of white matter (ovoid shape); limbs in this region so gray matter will form true horns
Thoracic: No limbs, no horns formed by grey matter (fewer neurons going to limbs, less grey matter needed) Lumbar: Limbs present, have true horns; but further from brain so less white matter (more circular) |
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Sheets of tightly packed cells that line organs and body cavities.
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epithelial tissue
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40.2
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Epithelia that secrete chemical solutions.
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glandular epithelia
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40.2
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