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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three functions of the cranial meninges?
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1) Protect the brain
2) Act as scaffolding for arteries, veins, and venous sinuses (dural folds) 3) Form boundaries of subarachnoid space (contains CSF) |
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Beginning with skin, name the 5 layers of scalp.
What layers comprise the scalp proper? |
Skin
Dense Connective tissue Aponeurosis (for occipitofrontalis) Loose CT Periosteum Scalp Proper = SCA |
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Which layer of the scalp is also known as the "danger area"?
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Loose CT
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What CN innervates the dural folds?
What are three functions of the dural folds? |
All three branches of CN V (trigeminal)
Functions: 1) Compartmentalizes cranial cavity 2) Offers some protections during head injury 3) Acts as scaffolding for VENOUS sinuses |
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What is the function of the sellar diaphragm?
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Helps brain stay above pituitary; also isolates pituitary
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What is the function of the venous sinuses?
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Drain blood of brain
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Which cranial nerves and arteries does the sella turcica contain?
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CN III, IV, V-1, V2, VI
Internal Carotid |
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How do the contents of the sphenoid and cavernous sinuses differ?
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Sphenoid: Air-filled
Cavernous: Blood-filled |
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What is the function of arachnoid granulations?
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Site of CSF transfer to venous blood
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What are the three cranial meningeal spaces?
Where is each located? Which are potential spaces and which are actual spaces? |
1) Epidural Space: between calvaria and dura (potential)
2) Subdural Space: between dura mater and arachnoid mater (potential) 3) Subarachnoid space: between arachnoid and pia (actual space) |
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Compare epidural hematomas with subdural hematomas.
-How they occur -Timeline of Symptoms -Artery vs Vein -Cause of Onset -Etc. |
Epidural (extradural):
Associated with fractures ARTERIES involved (usually middle meningeal) Can be due to accel-decel trauma to Pterion but limited to sutures (dura tight there) Symptoms appear in first hour; can see midline shift Subdural hematoma: No fractures associated Involved veins (BRIDGING VEINS): especially in elderly/alcoholics (cerebral atrophy causes vv to traverse longer space, become brittle, break) Also caused by accel-decel trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) Symptoms onset after a few DAYS |
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What region of bones does the MMA sit over?
What bones comprise this region? |
Pterion:
Parietal Frontal Sphenoi Temporal |
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