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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An elevated AFP is seen in
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hepatoma (hepatocellular carcinoma), multiple gestation, neural tube defect, yolk sac tumorendodermal sinus disease
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what is hemochromatosis
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small intestine taking up excess iron w a normal diet
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What are the SE from hemochromatosis?
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this excess iron deposits in the liver, pancreas, heart, and skin= cirrhosis, type I like diabetes, cardiomyopathy, and bronze-skin "bronze diabetes"
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What are the lab tests seen with hemochromatosis?
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elevated liver function tests, increase plasma Fe, 50% saturdation transferring, & elevated serum ferritin
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What does iron stimulate production of
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hydroxyl free radicals which cause fibrosis
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What is Wilson's Disease?
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gene mutation- defected hepatocyte transport of copper to bile for excretion
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what happens to this unbound copper
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accumulates in the blood, loosely attached to albumin
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clinically findings:
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late childhood appearance, kayeser-fleishcer rings, copper in putamen (basal ganglia) produces parkinsonism, toxic to cerebral cortex produces dementisa, hepatosplenomegaly, hemolytic anemia, renal disease
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Lab findings in Wilson's disease
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decrease total serum copper, decrease ceruloplasmin
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treatment of Wilson's disease
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penicillamin and zinc
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What AR is pulmonary emphysema linked with?
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alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
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What is Von-hippel landau disease
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hemangioblastoma of retina/cerebellum/medulla
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what do the majority develop with Von-Hippel Landau disease?
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bilateral renal cell carcinomas and other tumors
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what is the acronym for the mutation of VHL?
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deleted VHL gene on chrom 3
3 letters of the 3rd chromosome |
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HBsAg means what in Hepatitis B?
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the person is infected usually the 1st marker!
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Anti-HBc mean?
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this is after HbSag detected for a long time
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Anti-igM
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acute infection, most specific to infection bc appears in window between HBsAg and anti-iGg
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anti-igG
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recovered for life and will continue to appear
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Anti-HBe
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low viral and inactive
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HbeAg
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active viral
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Anti-HBs
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immunized & recovered
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Baby eating a lot of honey what is your first concern?
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C. botulinum- spores often in honey
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What happens with infant C. botulinum
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eat honey--> spores germinate teh LI--> release toxin--> slowly absorbed--> blocks AcH release--> constipation, flaccid paralysis, good prognosis w support
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signs of congenital pyloric stenosis
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nonbilous projectile vominting, visible peralstalsis, and olive-size mass in distal pylorus/stomach
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Positive bird beak sign
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constricted LES- achalasia
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TYpe I diabetes which HLA?
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3/4
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