1St Year Plumber Tq - Materials Review✓

Front 1

Define Alloy?

Back 1

A substance composed of two or more metals or a metal and non metal intimately united, usually by being fused together and dissolving into eachother when molten.

Front 2

Define Casting?

Back 2

The process of pouring molten metal into a mould that is the size and shape of the product required.

Front 3

Define Corrosion:

Back 3

Deterioration resulting from direct/indirect oxidization.

Front 4

Define Ductility:

Back 4

The capability of the metal to be drawn out, hammered thin, or its capability to be fashioned into a new form.

Front 5

Define Erosion:

Back 5

Deterioration resulting from the influence of abrasion and/or corrosion.

Front 6

Define Forging :

Back 6

A Wrought product formed as metal by heating and hammering or by mechanical or hydraulic press with or without heat.

Front 7

Define Malleable?

Back 7

The Capability to be extended or shaped by beating with a hammer or the pressure of rollers.

Front 8

NPS or IPS

Back 8

Nominal Pipe Size - the approximate inside diameter of the standard or schedule 40 pipe.

Also Iron Pipe Size.

Front 9

Define Ferrous:

Back 9

Metals that contain Iron; may be magnetized or rust when exposed to moist air.

Front 10

Define Non-Ferrous:

Back 10

Metals that contain no iron; will not rust and cannot be magnetized.

Front 11

Ferrous Pipes:

Back 11

Contains iron ore. Iron is a heavy, malleable, ductile, magnetic, silver-white magnetic element. Readily rusts, occurs in meteorites, is the most used metal.

Front 12

Pig Iron

Back 12

The first known purified iron, high carbon content, making it very brittle.

Front 13

Mild Steel?

Back 13

A mild steel used to manufacture pipe has between 0.1%-0.2% carbon content.

Front 14

Iron Pipe Examples:

Back 14

-mild carbon steel

-wrought iron pipe

-cast iron pipe

-alloy pipes containing iron

Front 15

Alloy Pipe:

Back 15

- Copper Bearing Pipes (min 25% copper added to steel improving corrosion resistance)

- stainless steel (18% chromium and 8% nickel are added for 18-8 stainless)

- chrome

Front 16

Non-Ferrous Pipe:

Back 16

- aluminum. - asbestos cement

- copper. - brass/bronze.

- glass. - lead,

- ABS, PVC, PE. - Concrete.

- Wood.

Front 17

Original Steel Pipe Sizes?

Back 17

- Standard (STD) 150 PSIG

- X-Strong (XS/XH) 200 PSIG, Steam Lines and unwelded LP gas vapor lines over 125 PSI.

- XX-Strong (XXS/XXH) hydraulic systems & services over 1000 PSI.

Front 18

Schedules are and available in?

Back 18

1000 × pressure/stess ratio.

Range Sched 10→Sched 160.

STD is Sched 40, XS is Sched 80

Front 19

Steel piping Grades

Back 19

A,B & C... A&B most common..

-A is for cold bending applications.

-B is higher carbon content, higher tensile strength, more brittle.

Front 20

The Wall Thickness Changes as the Inside Diameter Changes but the Outside Diameter?

Back 20

Outside diameter remains constant to enable a pipe to be threaded with standard equipment.

Front 21

Steel pipe is available in sizes ____" and upwards, and measured by?

Back 21

Sizes from 1/8" upwards.

1/8"→12" measured by NPS.

Over 12" measured by exact outside diameter.

Front 22

Generally steel pipe is supplied in __' lengths (+/- 1/2")

Back 22

21' lengths

Front 23

Steel Pipe Finishes 1

Back 23

Black iron dipped- cleaned, finished and lacquered.

Picked and Oiled- clean of all, dipped in acid bath, oil to prevent corrosion.

Ammonia Pipe- Thoroughly cleaned and free of oil, lacquer or finish.

Galvanized (STD&Bending Qual): cleaned and dipped in molten zing. Bending Quality specially treated to prevent flaking when bent.

Front 24

Steel Pipe Finishes 2

Back 24

Painted Pipe- Pipes are painted as required.

Bitumized/Asphault Pipe- coating of bitumen or Asphault applied to inside or outside as required.

Yellow Jacketed- PVC coating is applied.

Reamed and Drifted: when closed tolerances are required reamed and drifted on order.

Others: concrete coated/lined, glass lined, plastic-lined, epoxy coating/lined.

Front 25

Pipe End Finishes

Back 25

Front 26

A threaded STD Grade, S-40 A-53 gr.-B pipe sustains up to?

Back 26

!150 PSIG and is used for most residential work!

Front 27

Applicable National Plumbing Codes?

Back 27

Division B Section 2.2 - Materials and Equipment

Division B Section 2.3 - Piping

Front 28

Applicable Natural Gas and Propane Installation Code -

Can/CSA B149.1-15

Back 28

Section 6 - Piping and Tubing Systems, Hose and Fittings.

Front 29

Other codes that may apply.

Back 29

-API (American Petroleum Institute)

-ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)

-ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

-AWWA (American Water Works Association)

-CSA (Canadian Standards Association)

Front 30

The thread used on most piping applications is?

Back 30

NPT (national pipe thread) or ASPT (American standard pipe thread). Both are the same and are tapered pipe thread that enlarges at 3/4" per foot.

Front 31

The taper of 1" in 32" radius is equal to?

Back 31

- 1" in 16" diameter

- 3/4" per foot of thread measured across the diameter.

Known as Standard/NPT/ASPT.

Front 32

Parts of a Pipe Thread.

Back 32

Front 33

When tightening a joint, the number of turns by hand should be _______ than by wrench.

Back 33

More. Proper fitting hand turns 3-4

Front 34

Correct Cutting Oils By Application?

Back 34

Steel/Wrought Iron- thread cutting oil.

Stainless Steel- high sulphur cutting oil.

Copper Pipe- Mineral lard (tallow).

Brass Pipe- Soapy Water.

Plastic Pipe- Lubricant for oil-less cutters.

Front 35

Most common meaurements are?

Back 35

End to End

End to End (over all)

Center to Center

Center to End

Center to Face

Face to Face

Front 36

To determine Fitting Allowances us?

Back 36

F.A. = Throw - Thread Engagement

Front 37

Why must you ream pipe?

Back 37

- Restricts Bore

- Causes Pressure Loss

- Causes Turbulent Flow

- Causes Water Hammer

- Causes Local Erosion

- Catches foreign matter causing clogs

Front 38

Joint Compound is Applied to the ______ End only.

Back 38

Male End Only

Front 39

Teflon tape is applied in?

Back 39

The same direction as threads, one and a half wraps. Leave first two threads bare.

Front 40

What are these abbreviations?

- C.W.P

- S.P.

- W.O.G

- W.S.P

Back 40

- C.W.P - Cold Working (water) Pressure

- S.P. - Steam Pressure

- W.O.G - Water, Oil, Gas

- W.S.P - Working Steam Pressure

Front 41

How to size a T

Back 41

Widest part is Bottom

Ass - Face - Chest

1 1/2"x3/4"x3/4"

Front 42

Nipples are, and are available in?

Back 42

A Short Piece of Pipe.

Available in 1/2" increments up to 6". And 1" increments from 7" to 12".

Front 43

A Close Nipple and Space Nipple are?

Back 43

Close Nipple have no space between threads. Not allowed in gas.

Space Nipple has a small section of pipe between threads.

Front 44

Unions are available in many types, commonly:

Back 44

Iron to Iron (Ground)

Brass to Iron (Rex)

Bronze to Bronze (Dart)

Lip Unions

Di-Electric Unions

Front 45

Unions are used for? And must never be?

Back 45

Unions are used for convenience in replaceable parts of systems. Unions must never be concealed.

Front 46

Back 46

Iron→Iron Ground Joint Union:

!Most common Union!

Front 47

Back 47

Dart Union: utilizes two bronze seats within an iron body.

Front 48

Back 48

Rex Union: One Brass Seat One Iron Seat. Very common for inexpensive small diameter unions in Sched 40

Front 49

Back 49

Lip Unions: have a gasket between two seating faces. Can be Flat-Faced or O-Rings seal.

Front 50

Back 50

A dielectric union is a style of lip Union. Utilizing 3 metals to avoid electrolysis.

Front 51

Bushings are? When are they not allowed to be nested?

Back 51

Bushings are used to reduce size in systems. Never allowed to be nested in Gas Applications.

Front 52

Fittings are available in?

Back 52

Stainless Steel,

Monels,

Copper Alloys,

Aluminum,

Special Alloys.

Front 53

Malleable Iron Fitting classes and pressures.

Back 53

C-150 STD L.G= 300psi S.= 150psi

C-300 XH. L.G= 1000-2000psi dependent on size. S.= 300psi

Front 54

Pressure Cast Iron Classes and Pressures:

Back 54

C-125 STD: L.G.= 175psi S.=125psi

C-250 XH: L.G.= 400psi. S.= 250psi

Front 55

Forged Steel Fittings:

Back 55

Are used in Sched 80 and up.

Class 2000-Sched 80=

w.o.G.: 2000psi. S:615psi

Class 3000-Sched 160=

w.o.G.: 3000psi. S:925psi

Class 6000-XXS =

W.o.g.: 6000psi. S:1855psi

Front 56

What Grade of Pipe Should Be Used for the Following:

150 PSI:

200 PSI:

1000 PSI:.

Back 56

150 PSI: Sched 40 (STD)

200 PSI: Sched 80 (XS)

1000 PSI: XXS/XXH

Front 57

Approx Level of Carbon for:

Steel Pipe:

Files:

Cast Iron:

Sheet Steel:

Back 57

Steel Pipe: 0.1%-0.2%

Files: 1.5%

Cast Iron: 1.8%-4.8%

Sheet Steel: 0.1%-0.2%

Front 58

The distance by which a fitting advances for one full turn is called?

Back 58

The Pitch of Thread.

Front 59

Gas Vapor Lined at pressures over 125 PSI should be _____ unless welded.

Back 59

Extra Strong Grade unless joints are welded.

Front 60

Threads are Tapered at what angle?

Back 60

60°

Front 61

Only Plastic Pipe over _____ should be threaded.

Back 61

Sched 80 - Wooden plug is used to avoid pipe collapse.

Front 62

When threading a pipe that will contain oxygen you must.

Back 62

Make sure no Cutting Oil/Lubricant gets inside the pipe. Must be degreased before use.

Explosion Hazard.

Front 63

Annealing:

Back 63

To heat and then cool, which softens and makes copper more flexible.

Front 64

Compression Fitting:

Back 64

A fitting designed to join tube by means of pressure or friction. Uses a ferrule and nut.

Front 65

Hard tempered tube:

Back 65

Generally recommended for exposed lines, such as hot and cold water supplies to fixtures or any lines suspended on hangers. The rigidity of hard Temper tube resists sagging.

Front 66

Soft Temper tube:

Back 66

Preferred for lines burried underground or laid in floors. The flexibility allows tube to give or flex if ground movement occurs.

Front 67

Solder:

Back 67

A metal or mettalic alloy that is melted and then used to join metallic surfaces.

Front 68

Soldering

Back 68

Soft solder: uses temperatures below 575°C or 1000°F

Silver Soldering or Brazing: uses Temperatures above 575°C or 1000°F

Front 69

Benefits of Copper

Back 69

-Malleability,

-Ductility,

-Corrosion Resistance,

-Higher Flow Carrying Capacity than Steel or Iron (+20%).

Front 70

Red,Yellow Brass and Bronze:

Back 70

Red: 85% Copper 15%Zinc

Yellow: 66% Copper 34% Zinc

BRONZE: 90% Copper 10% Tin

Front 71

Copper is formed into what 3 classes?

Back 71

Copper Pipe,

Copper Tube,

Copper Tubing.

Front 72

Copper Pipe;

Back 72

Copper and Copper Alloy Pipes have the same wall thickness and are specified by NPS up to 12" and O.D. over 14" just like iron/steel pipe. Available in STD, XS, XXS.

Front 73

Copper Tube

Back 73

Copper tubes have thinner wall sizes and are specified by approximate inside diameter (ID)/NPS.

Front 74

Copper Tubing

Back 74

Copper tubing has the thinnest walls and are available in soft Temper coils up to 100' in length.

Common W.T= 0.028" and 0.032"

Common size= 1/8" to 3/4" OD

Ordered as follows

-1x100' Coil; 1/4"OD x O.028"

Front 75

Type K Copper=

Back 75

Green : medical air/gas. Has the thickest walls of the five types. -Available hard Temper 12'-20'

-Soft Temper up to 100' coils

-Sizes 1/4"-12"

Front 76

Type L Copper

Back 76

Blue= medium wall thickness, water service tube/tubing.

-Hard Temper 12'-20'

-Soft Temper usually 60' coils

-NPS 1/4"-12"

Front 77

Type M Copper=

Back 77

Red: Most Popular/Common

Available only in hard Temper. As per code may not be bent.

Hard Temper only: 12' to 20'

NPS: 1/4"-12"

Front 78

Type H - No Longer Available

Back 78

White: developed specially for hot water heating systems.

- Was available in 1/2",3/4",1"

- Hard Temper Only

- 12' Length Only

Front 79

Type DWV Copper

Back 79

Yellow - only for above ground DWV.

- 1 1/4"-6" sizes hard Temper only

- 12" to 20" lengths

- Largest common size is 3" because it fits perfectly in 2"x4" Stud wall.

Front 80

Cast Brass

Back 80

Fittings made by pouring molten brass (usually Yellow) into a mould. This gives fittings their sandy/rough finish.

Front 81

Barstock:

Back 81

Fittings manufactured from a finished brass material so that they have smooth yellow appearance.

Front 82

Wrot Copper:

Back 82

Fittings formed from copper by the use of force and by heating a die.

Front 83

Bronze Fittings:

Back 83

Fittings made from bronze, typically used for compression or flared fittings on underground services.

Front 84

3 Copper Jointing Types:

Back 84

- Soldered (Brazing)

- Compression

- Flared

Front 85

Solder Fittings

Back 85

Comes in Pressure (streamline) and DWV. DWV has smaller cup size and no pressure rating.

Front 86

Compression Type Fittings

Back 86

Are typically manufactured from barstock brass. Nuts come in standard and long. Also refered to FLARELESS/sleeve type. Compression fittings, ferrules and nuts are not interchangeable.

Front 87

Flared Type Fittings

Back 87

The most common flare in Pipetrades is 45°. Automotive or pressure lines use 37°. Can be single or double flare.

Front 88

For adjusting compression fittings use.

Back 88

The correct sized open-end wrench or a flare wrench. ADJUSTABLE WRENCHES are a last resort as they can damage the compression nuts if not correctly adjusted prior to use.

Front 89

For Gas Installations

(CAN/CSA B149.1-15.Clause.6.2.5)

Back 89

For Gas installations Flare Nuts SHALL be forged.

Front 90

Water Service Lines:

Back 90

Soft Temper = K + L

Soft Temper tubing can be run underground, withstanding backfilling, and soft enough to give when ground shifts/settles. Generally run without fittings except at curb cock where compression or flared is used.

Front 91

Hot and cold Distribution Lines

Back 91

K,L,M aswell as copper and red brass pipe. Types L and M most commonly used. Copper and red brass pipes used most often in commercial, industrial and high pressure.

Front 92

DWV Use?

Back 92

Copper DWV yellow, although k,l,m can also be used but more expensive.

Front 93

Bore:

Back 93

The inside diameter of a cup on a fitting.

Front 94

Capillary Action:

Back 94

The flow of liquid when it is drawn into the small opening between wetted surfaces.

Front 95

Eutectic Composition:

Back 95

The specific alloy compositions that melt at one Temperature and not over a range. In this respect, eutectic alloys act as a pure metal.

Front 96

Soft Solder

Back 96

Is an alloy of tin and antimony/copper/lead/silver,ect. The Tin Content is Listed First.

95/5 = 95%Tin 5% Antimony

50/50= 50%Tin 50% Lead !!!Not for use on potable water!!!

Front 97

Why should you not touch a surface to be soldered with your skin or oily gloves?

Back 97

This may impair the capillary action.

Front 98

All copper tubes are manufactured with a very precise OD. Why should you slip fittings on first.

Back 98

To Prove the tolerance ensuring proper fit. If incorrect tolerance there will be insufficient penetration of solder reducing failing strength by up to 80%

Front 99

What is the importance of Flux?

Back 99

To promote the wetting action, removing oxides and impurities to surface. Preventing oxidization.

Front 100

Rule of thumb for solder

Back 100

A 1/2" joint requires 1/2" of solder.

A 3/4" joint requires 3/4" of solder and so on.......

Front 101

Can copper D.W.V. be used in all Above-Ground Fixture Drains?

Back 101

No may never be used in urinals (NPCC 2.2.7.4.3)

Front 102

Why are Copper Wrot fittings better than cast brass for fittings?

Back 102

Cast Brass may have tiny holes from manufacturering that do not show up until testing. Copper Wrot does not have this issue.

Front 103

Water Lines utilizing a flexible tube(speedy tube) seal with? Minimum diameter allowed?

Maximum Length?

Back 103

Seal Used? Compression Ferrule

Minimum Diameter? 1/4"

Maximum Length? 30" (750mm)

Front 104

Three types of torches used for Soldering?

Back 104

1) Acetylene.

2) Propane.

3) Mapp Gas, Butane, Gasoline.

Front 105

What sizes are Copper Tubing Available In?

Back 105

1/8" to 3/4" OD

Front 106

Type K is color coded _______ and has the ________ wall.

Back 106

Type K is color coded green and has the thickest wall.

Front 107

The most significant routes of human exposure to solders and fluxes?

Back 107

- Inhalation of Dust,Smoke,Fumes

- Skin Contact

- Eye Contact

Front 108

Torch Tip Size #s indicate what?

Back 108

Indicate how much fuel the tip will burn in an hour.

Front 109

Weld Fittings are Available in?

Back 109

Butt-Weld (BW) and Socket-Weld (SW)

Front 110

Forged Socket Weld Fittings are Commonly Used for?

Back 110

2" or smaller diameter piping.

Front 111

Butt-Weld Fitting Common Materials?

Back 111

- Steel

- Aluminum

- Stainless Steel

Front 112

Butt-Weld Common Fitting Sizes.

Back 112

1. STD = 1/2"→48"

2. XS = 1/2"→ 48"

3. Sched 160 = 1"→12"

4. XXS = 3/4"→8"

Front 113

Forged Steel Socket Weld in 3 Classes and What Size Range?

Back 113

C-3000

C-6000

C-9000

Sizes 1/2"→4" inclusive.

Front 114

All Butt-Weld Fittings Must Be Marked With?

Back 114

Front 115

Forged Steel Fittings have markings?

Back 115

Forged or Stamped on the side.

Front 116

Forged Steel Fittings are Available in both?

Back 116

Threaded or Socket-Weld

Front 117

Natural Gas and Propane Installation Code Clause 6.8.2?

Back 117

The Ends of All Piping Shall Be Reamed.

Front 118

A mechanical pipe cutter or chop saw is recommended for cutting pipe as these give a?

Back 118

Square Cut

Front 119

What is used to cut larger Pipe?

Back 119

Oxy/Fuel Gas Hand Cutting Torch, Beveling Machine, Plasma/Arc Cutter.

Front 120

A Torch Bevel Cut will require you to use a ____ and/or ______ on the inside of the pipe to remove cutting slag.

Back 120

Chipping Hammer and/or File

Front 121

Angle Grinders are used to bevel the ends of a square-cut pipe to a ____° Bevel.

Back 121

37° Bevel.

Front 122

Land Widths are approximately ____, unless required by varying QCM or Weld Procedures.

Back 122

Land Width of 1/8"

Front 123

Groove Weld Terminology:

Back 123

Front 124

Flanged Fittings are used in piping systems for?

Back 124

When disassembly and Removal of piping or components is required on a regular basis.

Front 125

Common Flange Types:

Back 125

- Weld Neck

- Slip-on

- Screwed/Threaded Flanges

- Socket weld

- Reducing

- Orifice

- Lap Joint/Van Stone

- Blinds

Front 126

When Tightening Flange Bolts You Use A?

Back 126

Criss-Cross or Star Pattern to ensure it is Tightened Evenly.

Front 127

Forged Steel Flange Identification Markers:

Back 127

Front 128

Cast iron companion flanges are rated?

Back 128

125 PSI or 250 PSI

Front 129

Back 129

STD W/N flanges are end welded to beveled pipe on the tall hub and used wherever a sound welded joint connection is needed. Longnecks are used for pressure vessels

Front 130

Back 130

Slip-On (S/O) Flanges: welded on the inside and out to prevent leakage. They are generally used in 150# and 300# applications.

Front 131

Back 131

Screwed/Threaded Flanges:

Used with small pipe sizes and in low-pressure systems or where welding could be Hazardous.

Front 132

Back 132

Socket-Weld Flanges;

Pipe can only be inserted to a fixed depth against a stopping ring then welded into the flange. Commonly used in High-Pressure systems 4" and smaller.

Front 133

Back 133

Reducing Flanges:

Have an abnormal OD relative to the size of the center hole. The flange is compatible with the larger flange that whose pipe is being reduced. Disadvantages: flow disturbance and turbulence.

Front 134

Back 134

Orifice Flanges:

used to measure flow in a piping system. Tappings allow Pressure/flow instruments to be attached. They come as sets and are not interchangeable.

Front 135

Back 135

Lap Joint/Van Stone Flange:

Bored slightly larger than the OD of the pipe. It is slipped over a stub end and welded. Lap joints are always machined with a flat face and ideal for systems that require frequent cleaning/inspection.

Front 136

Back 136

Blind Flange:

Have no center hole, used to shut off runs or blank off piping. Bolt holes are drilled to match a companion flange of either steel or cast iron.

Front 137

Back 137

Line and Spectacle Blinds:

Used to blank off piping but fit between two existing flanges. The advantage of a spectacle blind is it allows visual inspection if a line is in operation or shut off.

Front 138

Flange Faces:

Back 138

Available in 5 Patterns.

-Raised Face (most popular)

-Flat-Faced

-Ring-Type Joint Faced

-Male and Female Sets

-Tongue and Groove Sets.

Front 139

Raised Face

Back 139

A raised Face has an elevation of 1/16" to 1/4" inside the bolt hole circle. Always used with ring gasket.

Front 140

Flat-Faced

Back 140

Has no elevation of face and always uses a Full-Face Gasket.

Front 141

Ring-Type Joint Faced

Back 141

Has a concentric groove on the flange face. Uses a metal ring as a gasket.

Front 142

Male and Female Flange Sets

Back 142

An unusually high raised Face on male fits into a corresponding depression on female with gasket in between.

Front 143

Tongue and Groove Sets.

Back 143

A raised and integral ring on male fits into a square-cut concentric groove on a female flange.

Front 144

For #150 forged steel flanges when does the bolt pattern change from 4→8?

Back 144

The bolt pattern increases to 8 for 4"→8"NPS. As the size increases so does the bolt pattern.

Front 145

Flat-Ring Gaskets:

Back 145

Usually 1/16"→1/8" thick and 1/2"→3" wide. Narrow gaskets are preferred because they require less bolt torque to obtain leakproof seal.

Front 146

Serrated Gaskets:

Back 146

Flat metal gaskets with concentric grooves machine in face. The bolt torque required is less than that of wide flat gaskets.

Front 147

Laminated Gaskets:

Back 147

Usually made with a metal jacket enclosing a soft filler material. Laminated Gaskets with asbestos filler are used for service up to 400°C.

Front 148

Corrugated Gaskets

Back 148

Are inbetween metal and non-metal gaskets for stiffness.

Front 149

Ring Joint Gaskets:

Back 149

-Come in Oval and Octagonal.

-Made for Ring-Joint Flanges.

-Carbon steel, Iron, Alloy Steel for High-Temp.

-Plastics and Rubbers for Low Temp.

Front 150

Back 150

Spiral-Wound Gaskets:

- metals used include low carbon steel, titanium, nickel, phosphor bronze, stainless steel and others.

- pliable filler usually asbestos

- absorb thermal expansion and contraction.

Front 151

Synthetic Rubber Gaskets:

Back 151

Low pressures up to 150PSI.

Temperatures max 120°C/250°F

Natural rubber gaskets are prohibited for use with gas Installations. B149.1-10 6.9.7

Front 152

Asbestos and Teflon Gaskets

Back 152

Used for intermediate Pressures.

Asbestos Compounds : max temp of 500°C (750°F)

Teflon: max temp 260°C (400°F)

Front 153

Graphite or another non-stick compound should be applied to?

Back 153

Allow easy removal and opening of flanged joint.

Front 154

A 600# RFWNF has a face that is raised?

Back 154

1/4" (6mm) (Dumb question but remember this flange for TQ)

Front 155

A metallic ring gasket is made of a product that is ______ than flange material.

Back 155

Softer than flange material.

Front 156

Safety Quotes pertaining to oxygen and acetylene.

Back 156

Turning on: "A" Before "O" or up you Go.

Turning off: "O" Before "A" to go Away!

Front 157

Never Oil Regulators or torch parts!

Back 157

Oxygen + Oil = Explosion or Fire.

Front 158

Which gas is produced using the air liquidation Practice?

Back 158

Oxygen

Front 159

Why is oxygen considered Dangerous?

Back 159

Oxygen readily supports combustion and may react violently with some materials.

Front 160

Oil or Grease in Contact with Pure Oxygen Can?

Back 160

Oil or Grease in contact with pure oxygen can react violently and cause an Explosion.

Front 161

Safety Device used on Oxygen Cylinders?

Back 161

Metal Rupture Disc. Has a Bursting Pressure of 22,000 kPa or 3200 Psi

Front 162

All gas cylinders have _____ threads and non-fuel have _____ threads.

Back 162

All gas cylinders have left-hand threads. And all non-fuel cylinders have right-hand threads. This is a safety feature so you cannot interchange equipment.

Front 163

When shutting down an oxyfuel outfit you should?

Back 163

Close the cylinder valves and bleed the system.

Front 164

Important steps to shutdown oxyfuel outfit.

Back 164

- roll up hoses.

- torch valves are closed.

- regulator adjusting screws are disengaged.

-Cylinder valves are closed.

-Shutdown must be performed at the end of every shift.

Front 165

Oxygen hoses are usually?

Back 165

Green

Front 166

A Backfire occurs?

Back 166

In the mixer tip.

Front 167

A flashback occurs?

Back 167

Beyond the mixer into the hose and regulator on the low-pressure side.

Front 168

To prevent flashbacks you should?

Back 168

Purge the lines of any air/explosive mixture that may be present in lines.

Front 169

When did the Alberta and local inspection departments start considering Plastic Piping Viable?

Back 169

Early 1960s

Front 170

Define "Creep" Relating to Plastic Pipe:

Back 170

To move or proceed very slowly in hangers, as with thermal expansion and contraction of the plastic pipe.

Thinning of pipewall due to harder object pushing on the pipewall.

Front 171

Thermoplastic:

Back 171

Materials that can be formed or re-formed into different shapes as many times as desired. By Applications of heat and pressure.

Front 172

Thermosetting:

Back 172

The resins react chemically (cross-linking). This means once chemical reaction occurs the shape and form cannot be altered regardless of heat and pressure.

Front 173

Plastics have a _____ coefficient of Expansion.

Back 173

High Coefficient of expansion, many times higher than that of metal. Plastics may not expand uniformly in all directions.

Front 174

Common Thermoplastic Pipes:

Back 174

-ABS. -PVC.

-CPVC. -PE.

-PEX. -PB (Poly-B)

-PP. -Proxylene.

Front 175

Common Thermoset Pipes:

Back 175

-glass-reinforced epoxy.

-glass-reinforced polyester.

-glass-reinforced vinylestes.

-glass-reinforced furan.

Front 176

ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)

Back 176

This pipe has excellent impact strength, used with Temperatures up to 82°C/180°F

Sizes 1 1/4"→6" and in 12' lengths.

Front 177

Plumbing Regulations Require ABS to be? And ABS Cement to be?

Back 177

ABS must be Black

ABS Cement must be Yellow

Front 178

Greatest disadvantage of ABS?

Back 178

Greatest Disadvantage of ABS is that it Supports Combustion.

Front 179

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

Back 179

More corrosion resistant and is self-extinguishing. Max operating temperature 60°C/140°F.

DWV-PVC must be grey

PVC Cement can be grey or clear

PVC Primer should be Purple.

Front 180

PVC DWV and Pressure Pipes come in?

Back 180

DWV Sizes = 1 1/4"→24"

Lengths= 12' (3.5m)

PRESSURE = 1/4" →24"

Lengths= 12' or 20'

Front 181

PVC pipes are generally joined with?

Back 181

Solvent Cementing

(Primer then Cement)

Front 182

CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)

Back 182

Very similar to PVC but specially blended to withstand Temperatures up to 100°C/212°F

Care must be take that only CPVC solvent cement is used.

Front 183

CPVC Generally Comes in?

Back 183

The color may vary.

Sizes 1/4"→8"

Lengths 12' and 20'

Sched 40, 80, 120

Front 184

PE (Polyethylene)

Back 184

-Available in 3 classes. LD→HD.

-Max Operating Temperature of 55°C/130°F.

Front 185

PE Sizes

Back 185

Semi-Rigid Tubes = 1/2"→4"

Lengths = 100',500',1000,

Rigid Pipe = 1/4"→12"

Lengths = 10' and 20'

Lab Pipes = 1 1/4"→12"

Lengths = 12'

Front 186

PE/AL/PE (kitec)

Back 186

Composite pipe variation of PE. A layer of PE and a layer of Aluminum. Joined by Crimping or Compression or Socket-Fusion.

Front 187

Pex (Cross-Link Polyethylene)

Back 187

Designed for hot/cold domestic water and radient floor heating. PEX is non-oxygen permeable, but weak to direct sunlight. Crack-Resistant to freezing and resistant to most chemicals.

Front 188

PEX Sizing and Joining

Back 188

Sizes = 3/8"→1"

Lengths= 20' or rolls of 50'→100'

Joining= fusion, expansion, compression, crimping.

Front 189

PP (Polypropylene)

Back 189

-Rigid thermoplastic pipe designed for laboratory and distilled water use.

-Fluid temps up to 82°C/180°F.

-1 1/4"→4" and 12' lengths

- fusion-welded or acid-resistant mechanical clamps.

-pipe and fittings are usually brown.

Front 190

Proxylene

Back 190

Same characteristics of PP.

Fittings and pipe are blue.

Main difference is the resistances to certain acids.

Front 191

System 15 PVC Piping (IPEX)

Back 191

Allows for system 15 pipe, fittings and solvent cement to be used without primer. Not to be mixed with other manufacturers products.

Front 192

PVC piping and fittings are allowed for pressure water systems?

Back 192

Yes, max temp of 60°C (140°F), and must be Sched 40 or Sched 80. Must be jointed with solvent Cementing with a strength rating greater than the operating pressure. Or Sched 80 may be threaded.

Front 193

PE Piping can be used for gas service?

Back 193

Yes, must be orange or yellow, Identified as HD. Socket or Butt Fusion welding is required by certified installer.

Front 194

PB (Polybutylene)

Back 194

Is terrible ****. No longer made. Cracks if you breathe on it. Swapping over to PEX is recommended and the transition is exactly the same as installing PEX.

Front 195

It is recommended that hot water installations be?

Back 195

HWT are to have copper tubes for atleast 900mm or 36" from the tank nipples then transitioned to lines if necessary.

Front 196

What pipe dope may be used with Proxylene?

Back 196

Limited to Petroleum Jelly or Teflon Tape. Pipe dopes may chemically react to Proxylene and deteriorate or soften the pipe.

Front 197

Storage Guidelines for Plastic Pipe.

Back 197

- Never Thrown.

- If long term storage support entire length, supports no more than 1m (3') apart.

- Nest pipe to reduce height of stack if possible.

- store in shaded areas as some plastics are sensitive to UV rays.

Front 198

Fire hazards of plastic pipe.

Back 198

- various plastic pipes release fumes when burnt, melted or smouldering.

- glues and primers are a risk as fumes are Flammable. No ignition sources while using, proper ventilation required.

Front 199

A straight cut is imperative with plastic pipe because?

Back 199

If not a straight cut you will reduce the effectiveness of the bonding area in the most important part. Up to 80% weaker.

Front 200

Primers are used on PVC and CPVC to?

Back 200

Penetrate and soften the surface to allow adhesion.

Front 201

When assembling the joint?

Back 201

-The Cement Must Be Wet.

-Attach without delay.

- ensure to bottom out in socket.

-Twist pipe 1/8→1/4 turn as it's inserted.

-Hold for 5-30 seconds to avoid pushout.

Front 202

Solvent Cementing should be done in what Temperature Range?

Back 202

5°C(40°F)→44°C(112°F).

Front 203

When fitting bell end pipes ensure to?

Back 203

Lubricate the pipe end and Fitting O-Ring.

Front 204

Out of the DWV plastic pipes which has the highest temperature rating?

Back 204

ABS

Front 205

Larger diameter plastic sewer or water service lines are usually joined with?

Back 205

Bell-Type Joints.

Front 206

Plumbing Code (NPCoC-2010) required rigid and flexible pipe to be supported?

Back 206

Rigid Pipe every 1.2m (4')

Flexible Plastic every 0.8m (30")

Front 207

Methods of Joining pipe with heat?

Back 207

Butt-Fusion

Socket-Fusion

Electrical Resistant Fusion (Fuseal)

Hot Air Fillet Weld.

Front 208

What is used to check the Temperature of the plastic for fusion welding?

Back 208

Temp-Sticks are used.

Front 209

To thread plastic pipe?

Back 209

A round wooden plug is inserted in pipe end.

Front 210

PVC and CPVC give off what when melted?

Back 210

Chlorine Gas and Other Toxic Fumes. Extremely Toxic.

Front 211

What does DHCISP stand for?

Back 211

Double-Hub Cast Iron Soil Pipe

Front 212

At What Temperature does good quality cast iron become Malleable?

Back 212

Not Malleable at any Temp

Front 213

% of Carbon in Good Quality Cast Iron?

Back 213

3%-4%

Front 214

What forms of carbon are in Cast Iron?

Back 214

Graphite Flakes or Chemically Desolved.

Front 215

All Cast Iron in Alberta Must have a crush strength of ______ and have a _______ ______ both inside and out.

Back 215

A crush strength of 18kn or 4000lb and have a corrosion-resistant coating both inside and out.

Front 216

Cast Iron Soil Pipe is made in 3 Types.

Back 216

-No Hub (MJ Soil Pipe)

-Single Hub Soil Pipe (SHCISP)

-Double Hub Soil Pipe (DHCISP)

Front 217

What sizes and lengths for cast iron pipe?

Back 217

SHCISP= 2",3",4",6" L=5' & 10'

DHCISP= 2",3",4",6" L=5' Only.

MJ Soil= 1 1/2",2",3",4" L=10'

Front 218

Cast Iron Elbow Fittings are know as Bends=

Back 218

1/4 Bend = 90° Elbow

1/6 Bend = 60° Elbow

1/8 Bend = 45° Elbow

1/16 Bend = 22 1/2° Elbow

Front 219

Cast Iron Soil Pipes with Hub and Spigot Ends must be joined by?

Back 219

Caulked-Lead, Hot-Poured Joints(Lead+Oakum), Cold-Caulked Joints(PC4+Oakum) or Compression Joints.

Front 220

Caulking Lead Must Be ____ Pure and Available in?

Back 220

99.73% pure and is available in 10LB notched bars and 25LB strings. Melting point is 327°C (620°F).

Front 221

How much lead is required for a Joint?

Back 221

3/4 of a LB per Inch of Diameter.

Front 222

How deep is 1st and 2nd Pour?

Back 222

1st Pour= 1/2" in depth.

Cools then pounded down 1/4"

2nd Pour= 1/2" in depth.

Front 223

For a Horizontal Joint How do Pour only Once?

Back 223

A running rope is used around the barrel to assist the proper pour. Oakum must be packed Firmly.

Front 224

MJ Clamps are available in 2 Types?

Back 224

Type 1= Neoprene Sleeve with an internal rib sourounded by stainless steel sheets.

Type 2= (Furnco) Two stainless screw clamps and a heavier specially designed neoprene sleeve.

Front 225

HOW ARE MJ Clamps TORQUED?

Back 225

To 55-60 LB of Torque by hand ith a 9/16" Torque Wrench.

Front 226

Cast Iron/Ductile Iron Water Service Pipe:

Back 226

Normal Compression Joints are rated to 350 PSI. But there are Ductile Iron Pipe Push-On Joint Pipelines with operating pressures over 1000PSI. Contact Pipe Manufacturers for above 350PSI.

Front 227

KIMAX GLASS Pipes.

Back 227

Used in Labs. Heat and chemical resistant. COMES IN LENGTHS OF 5'.

Front 228

Advantages of Glass Pipe:

Back 228

-Product Purity Assured

- Transperancy enables visual inspection of Blockages.

- Clamp Types Allow Easy Access.

- High Heat Resistance ↑450°F

- Low Expansion Rate.

Front 229

Cutting Glass Pipe Requires?

Back 229

A special cutter, much like a sight glass cutter. The cutting wheels are located inside the pipe.

Front 230

Historical Pipes:

Back 230

Lead Pipe

Bitumized Pipe

Vitrified Clay Pipe

Aluminum Pipe

Caulked Cast Iron

Asbestos-Cement Soil Pipe

Wood Pipe.

Front 231

Chemical Symbol of Lead?

Specific Weight of Lead?

Back 231

-Pb

-11.3

Front 232

Before assembling SHCISP what should you do?

Back 232

Use a Ball-Peen to sound each hub and Spigot to detect cracks.

Front 233

Two most important things to watch for when jointing Hub and Spigot

Back 233

Allignment and Position.

Front 234

What would cause the Lead in your Melting Pot to Explore?

Back 234

The introduction of moisture may cause the lead to explode.

Front 235

How do you know lead has been overheated?

Back 235

A Crust of Oxides and Impurities form on surface.

Front 236

When choosing hangers you must take into account?

Back 236

-Weight of Piping

-Pipe Material

-Control of Expansion and Contraction

- maintaining structural strength

Front 237

Purpose of Hangers:

Back 237

.To carry weight of the pipe system and its contents.

.To grade the pipe system appropriately.

.To Prevent Sagging or Deflection.

.To Allow for thermal movement/Settling of building without stressing piping system.

Front 238

Spacing Requirements for hangers and supports are specified in both code books, these are?

Back 238

Minimum Standards.

Front 239

Deflection:

Back 239

Is the deviation from the centerline or snaking of the pipe between hangers.

Front 240

Grade:

Back 240

Is the slope of the piping system required for movement of contents.

Front 241

Galvanized Pipe:

Back 241

Less than 6": 2.5M

Over 6": 3.75M

Front 242

Lead Pipe:

Back 242

Must be supported through its entire length.

Front 243

Cast Iron Pipe:

Back 243

i) at or adjacent to each hub/joint

ii) at intervals not exceeding 3M

iii) at intervals not exceeding 1M if the pipe has mechanical joints and the length of pipe between adjacent fittings is 300mm or less.

Front 244

Asbestos Cement

Back 244

i) at intervals not exceeding 2M or 2 supports for every 4M.

ii) at intervals not exceeding 1M where the length of pipe between adjacent fittings is 300mm or less.

Front 245

ABS or PVC

Back 245

i) at intervals not exceeding 1.2M

ii) at the end of branches

iii) at changes of direction or elevation.

iv) if the pipe is a fixture drain that is more than 1M in length, as close as possible to the trap.

Front 246

CVPV

Back 246

All sizes = 1M intervals

Front 247

Copper:

Back 247

Hard Temper 1"&↑= 3M

Hard Temper 1"&↓

& Soft Temper. = 2.5M

Front 248

As per B-149.1-10

a) 1/2" or less, horizontal

b) 3/4"→1" Hz

c) 1 1/4"→2 1/2 Hz

d) 3"→4" Hz

e) 5"→8" Hz

f) 10" and ↓

Back 248

a) 1/2" or less, Hz. = 6' (2M)

b) 3/4"→1" Hz. = 8' (2.5M)

c) 1 1/4"→2 1/2" Hz = 10' (3M)

d) 3"→4" Hz. = 15' (5M)

e) 5"→8" Hz. = 20' (6M)

f) 10" and ↑. = 25' (8M)

Front 249

As Per B-149.1-10 Code :

g) 1 1/4" or larger Vertical

h) Tubing, Copper, Aluminum, Stainless Steel, Horz/Vert All Sizes

Back 249

g) 1 1/4" or larger Vertical.

Every Floor But Not More Than 125% of Horizontal Spacing. h) Tubing, Copper,

Aluminum, Stainless Steel,

Horz/Vert All Sizes: 6' (2M)

Front 250

When Fasteners are to be placed in a wall, ceiling, or floor, consideration must be given to?

Back 250

Unseen Hazards in the Base Material.

Front 251

Specifications on a job are considered to be:

Back 251

Detailed written instructions on how the job is to proceed, and the hardware to be used.

Front 252

Rosin Placed on Nails During Manufacture?

Back 252

Lubricates the nail during driving, then bonds it to the wood.

Front 253

Any style of shank other than a smooth shank is designed to?

Back 253

Increase Holding Power of the nail for certain base materials.

Front 254

Claw hammers are used to drive nails into wood because?

Back 254

They have a flat face that prevents them from sliding off the nail when stuck.

Front 255

Wood screws differ from sheet metal screws how?

Back 255

Wood screws have an unthreaded portion of the shank just below the screw head.

Front 256

Sheet metal screws have?

Back 256

A greater mechanical advantage than wood screws.

Front 257

When drilling holes through sheet metal first?

Back 257

Mark the hole with a center punch.

Front 258

Machine Screw Fastenings require:

Back 258

Threaded holes or nuts for fastening components together.

Front 259

The threads of Bolt Stock may be Fine or Coarse threads that are formed to the standard set out by who?

Back 259

Unified Thread System

Front 260

Studs Differ From Bolts in that?

Back 260

Studs are threaded at both ends.

Front 261

Hydraulic Lock is?

Back 261

Lubricant trapped under a bolt or stud being Tightened.

Front 262

Fastener Anchor Categories are Divided into?

Back 262

Light-Duty and Heavy-Duty

Front 263

The holding power of Anchors is greatly influenced by?

Back 263

The cleanliness of the hole.

Front 264

Adhesive Anchors are considered to be?

Back 264

Heavy-Duty Anchors.

Front 265

To drill holes in hard, thick, masonry you should you a drill with?

Back 265

A Hammer Feature.

Front 266

The Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Washers used to fasten a water closet to its matting floor flange must be made of?

Back 266

Brass!

Front 267

Special Ribbed Nylon Clips are used primarily for?

Back 267

Hydronic Heating Systems or Domestic Hot Water Applications.

Front 268

For hanging copper what should be used?

Back 268

Copper Coated Hangers.

Front 269

Riser Clamps are used for?

Back 269

Support of Vertical Pipe.

Front 270

Types of clamps commonly used for attaching hangers to Steel I Beams?

Back 270

Beam Clamp, C Clamp, A Clamp

!!!!!Not a Bell Hanger!!!!!

Front 271

When installing pipe into steel studs what should be used?

Back 271

A plastic Bushing.

Front 272

Prior to using structural attachments, permission in writing must be obtained from:

Back 272

The Structural Engineer

Front 273

Concrete Inserts can support how many LBS?

Back 273

As Per Manufactures Specs.

Front 274

Electrolysis can be increased by?

Back 274

Raising Temperatures

Front 275

An alternative to protective coating on pipes is?

Back 275

-Sleeving Pipes

-Wrapping Pipes with Electrical Tape.

Front 276

A Common Fastener used as a pipe guide?

Back 276

U-Bolt

Front 277

Riser Clamps are used to?

Back 277

Support the weight of pipe extending vertically through a building.

Front 278

Thread Rod or Ready Rod is available in what sizes?

Back 278

1/4"→3/4"

Front 279

One of the most versatile support systems is?

Back 279

Unistrut

Front 280

Four Principle Reasons/Functions for the use of valves?

Back 280

. Control Flow Of Fluid

. Start,Stop and Regulate Volume

. Prevent BackFlow

. Regulate / Relieve Pressure

Pressure

Pressure

Front 281

Basic Types Of Valves In Use.

Back 281

.Plug Valves. .Gate Valves.

.Globe Valves. .Ball Valves.

.Butterfly Valves. .Check Valves.

Front 282

Back 282

Plug Valve/Cock

.Have a tapered/non-taperer plug running veritcally through body of valve.

.has either a round or elliptical hole.

Considered to be a 1/4 Turn or 90° Valve.

Front 283

Back 283

Plug Valve - Lockable Service Valve.

.used on natural gas service lines, upstream of the meter.

. can be locked

. constructed of steel

Front 284

Back 284

Plug Valve - Insulated Service Valve.

.most common valve used today on outside Installations.

.also available with locking feature.

.provides barrier between the underground and building piping.

.provides method for two pipe systems to attach together.

Front 285

Back 285

Plug Valve - Firing/Appliance Valve

.has permanent handle and pilot gas connection built to body.

.used between gas controls and gas burner.

.or before the appliance controls.

.usually made of aluminum.

Front 286

Back 286

Plug Valve - Pilot Valve

.Small sized valve used on pilot.

.usually made of aluminum.

Front 287

Back 287

Plug Valve - Gas Cock(Valve)

.used to isolate internal gas Installations at appliance.

.required on all appliances by gas code.

.usually terminates building piping and starts finish piping.

.usually made from yellow brass.

Front 288

Back 288

Plug Valve - Main/Corporation Stop Valve.

. Is used where service connects to water main.

.inlet Threaded with AWWA thread.

.outlet threaded for copper tube.

.made from red brass or bronze.

Front 289

Back 289

Plug Valve - Curb Cock (Valve)

. Installed at property line.

.both inlet and outlet have flared unions or compression sleeves.

.red brass or bronze.

Front 290

Plug Valve - Square Headed Steam Cock Valve

Back 290

Similar to a gas valve but should never be used on gas piping systems. It is used as a balancing control on hot water systems.

Front 291

Plug Valve - Gauge Cocks / Pet Cocks

Back 291

Gauge Cocks - Used to isolate pressure gauges and controlls

Pet Cocks - similar to Guage cock but used to attach rubber hoses.

Front 292

Back 292

Gate Valves:

- only for fully open/closed

- offers very little resistance to flow when open.

- should never be throttled, will cause high velocity flow and enhance wire drawing and erosion on the disc and valve seating.

Front 293

Four Main Types Of Gate Valves?

Back 293

. Solid wedge disc.

. Flexible wedge disc.

. Split wedge disc.

. Double disc.

Front 294

Back 294

Gate - Solid Wedge Disc Valve

- most widely used valve.

- suitable for steam, hot/cold water, oil, air and gas service.

- ideal for turbulent flow due to no loose internal parts.

- in extreme temperatures may seize due to thermal contraction of body.

Front 295

Parts of a Gate Valve.

Back 295

Front 296

Back 296

Gate - Flexible Wedge Disc Valve

- hollow around edges and solid across center.

- prevents disc from being pinched when body thermally contracts.

Front 297

Back 297

Gate - Split Wedge Disc Valve

- consists of two pieces that sit between two matching tapered seats.

- spreader mechanism causes discs to spread forming seal when isolating flow.

- good for laminar flow conditions

- poor for turbulent flow, wrecks the internal mechanisms.

Front 298

Back 298

Gate - Double Disc Valve

- non-tapered seats, two discs.

- spreader mechanism causes discs to part creating two tight seals against seats.

- two discs will move apart before they begin to rise.

Front 299

Back 299

Globe Valve

- named for globe shape

- seat of globe valve is Parellel to line of flow, fluid must make nearly 4 90° turns to get through the valve.

- common for throttling.

Front 300

3 Types of Globe Valves

4 Globe Seat Configurations

Back 300

Types:. Straight, Angle and Y Pattern.

Seat and Disc Designs:

Plug Disc, Conventional Disc, Composition Disc, Needle Valve.

Front 301

Back 301

A-Straight: used on straight runs, specially designed for adjustment or throttle of flow.

B-Angle: Used for 90° turn.

C-Y-Pattern: used on straight runs where pressure loss must be minimized or when sediment may be deposited upstream of valve.

Front 302

Back 302

Plug Disc Globe Valve

- tapered plug disc.

- suited for minute throttling.

- available in straight, angle or Y

Front 303

Back 303

Conventional Disc Globe Valve

- has very small seat contact

- capable of cutting through scale and debris on seat.

- not recommended for close throttling as wire drawing and erosion may occur on line bearing disc and seating.

Front 304

Back 304

Composition Disc Globe Valve -

- Has a flat face sealing against seat.

- Soft Disc Material, small deposits may accumulate on valve seating will bed into seating.

- this allows positive closure.

Front 305

Back 305

Globe - Needle Valve

- used on high pressure and small line Applications.

- best for very fine throttling.

- disc and seat have very small contact area.

Front 306

Back 306

A try cock is a type of needle valve used on steam boilers to determine water level in the event a Guage Glass is broken.

Front 307

Ball Valve Parts:

Back 307

Front 308

Ball Valve Highlights

Back 308

- most widely used today

- a spherical ball is turned 90° from full open to closed.

- higher rate of flow, unimpeded flow path.

- self flushing

All valves have max pressure written on valve.

Front 309

Butterfly Valve.

Back 309

Installed in areas of limited headroom.

100% shutoff when disc is at right angles to flow of fluid.

No Resistance when fully open.

Discs are specially designed to throttle.

Front 310

3 Types of Check Valve.

Back 310

Lift Checks

Swing Checks

Non-Slam Checks

Function is to prevent Backflow and is the same for all check valves.

Front 311

It is important to install all check valves?

Back 311

According to their design.

Front 312

!!!Flow Pattern In Valves!!!!

Back 312

Front 313

Uses of the 3 categories of check Valve.

Back 313

Lift-Check: systems with globe Valves

Swing-Checks: systems with gate valves

Non-Slam Checks: fast acting between valves to elevate water hammer.

Front 314

Thread Protects have what threads?

Back 314

Parellel Threads.

Front 315

Spiral Wound Gaskets are only for Steam True/False.

Back 315

False

Front 316

Scaffolding must be erected to what standards?

Back 316

OH&S

Front 317

Land Width for Butt Weld?

Back 317

1/8"

Front 318

OS&Y Valve Stands for?

Back 318

Outside Screw and Yolk Valve