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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is response?
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Living things adjust to a stimulus by a reaction call a Response
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How do living things make more living things.
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All living things repoduce to make more living things.
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What is the key to the study of biology?
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Key to the study of biology is learning about life around us.
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What is data?
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The information gathered from experiments is called data.
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What is an experiment?
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A structured procedure for collecting information to test a hypothesis is an experiment.
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What is a theory?
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A scientific explanation of known facts arrived at through repeated testing over time is a theory.
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What part of an experiment keep all conditions the same?
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The part of experiment in which all conditions are kept the same is the control.
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What step is used by scientist to gather information to test hypothese and solve problems
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The step commonly used by scientist in gather information to test hypothese and solve problems are scientific methods.
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What is a hypothesis?
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A testable explanation for a question or problem is a hypothesis?
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What is an experiment?
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An experiment is a test of a hypothesis.
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Is H20 a chemical compound?
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H20 represents a fromula for a chemical compound.
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What are the basic building blocks of proteins?
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The basic building of proteins is amino acids.
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Why did water dissolves many ionic and molecular compound?
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Water dissolves many ionic and molecular compound because of its polarity.
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What are proteins?
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The various enzymes in our bodies are proteins.
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How long does diffusion continue?
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Diffusion continues until there is no concentration gradient.
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What all living things are made up of what?
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All living things are made up of cells.
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What are the main idea of cell theory?
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1.all orgainisms are composed of cells.
2. the cell is a basic unit of organization of organisms. 3.all cells come from preexisiting cells. |
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Who was the first scientist to describe living cells as seen through a simple microscope?
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the first scientist to describe living cells as seen through a simple microscope was van Leeuwenhoek
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What does eukaryotic cell contain?
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If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be an eukarytic cell.
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What a fluid mosaic model describe?
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the fluid mosaic model describes a structure with polar layers on the outside and nonpolar layer on the inside.
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What makes up a plasma membrane?
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A plasma membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer.
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What solution causes water to move OUT of a cell?
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Water moves out of a cell if the cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.
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What solution causes water to move INTO a cell?
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Water moves into a cell placed in a hyptonic solution.
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What is active transport?
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A cell moves particles from a region of lesser concentration to a region of greater concentration by activ transport.
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What happens by the end of prophase?
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1. tighter coiling of chromosomes
2. breaking down of the nuclear envelope 3. disppearing of the nucleolus. |
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What is the longest phase of the cell cyle?
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The longest phase of the cell cycle is interphase.
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Which of the following sturctures is the most complex?
cell, organ, tissue, organ system? |
Organ system is the most complex.
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What is the main energy-trapping molecule in plants?
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Cholorphyll is the main energy-trapping molecule in plants.
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What is broken to release enery from ATP when the bond is ?
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Energy is relased from ATP when the bond is broken between TWO phospage groups.
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What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain in respiration?
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In respiration, the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is oxygen.
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What is equations that best represents photosynthesis?
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6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (Water)→C6H12O6 (glucose) +
6O2 (Oxygen) |
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When do cells store energy?
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Cells store energy when a third phosphate group is bonded to a ATP molecule.
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What is the main purpose of the cycle shown in this figure?
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Sugar Production
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When does crossing over occur?
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When an area of achromatid is exchanged with the matching area of a chromatid of it homologus chromosome,crossing over occurs.
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What useful device is used to predicting possible offspring of crosses between different genotypes?
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A useful device is used to predicting possible offspring of crosses between different genotypes is the Punnett square.
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What genotype is Bb?
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Heterozygous describes an orgainism that has the genotype Bb?
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What is Mendel's law of Segregation?
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Mendel's law of Segregation states that during meiosis, the factors that control each trait separate, and only ONE FACTOR from each pair is passed to the offspring.
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What law of independent assortment?
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The law of independent assortment states that the inheitance of alleles for one trait is not affected by inheitance of alleles for a different trait if the genes for the traits are on separate chromosomes.
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What is heredity?
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The passing on of traits from parents to offspring is called heredity.
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A couple has two children, both of whom are boys. What is the chance that the parents's next child will be a boy?
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50%
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What is the genotype in the bottom left-hand quadrant in this figure?
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Ww
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What nucleotide pair bonds are found in a DNA molecule?
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guanine-cytosine
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What two components made up the backbone of DNA?
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phosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars
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Who first suggested that DNA is the shape of a double helix?
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Watson and Crick
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What is replication?
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The process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called replication.
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What makes up a DNA nucleotide?
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A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group along with deoxyribose sugar and thymine.
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What process is a Messenger RNA formed?
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Messenger RNA is formed in the process of transcription.
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What are lysomes?
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Cell structures that contain digestive enzymes are lysosomes.
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In a cell, what is the site of protein synthesis called?
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In a cell, the site of protein synthesis are the ribosomes.
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What are organelles?
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The small, membrand-bound structure inside a cell are organelles.
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What controls the movement of materials into and out of the cells?
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The movement of materials into and out of the cells is controlled by plasma membrane.
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Where does the breakdown of molecules in a cell release energy?
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In a cell, the breakdown of molecules in order to release energy occurs in the mitochondria.
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What is cholorphast?
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In plants, the structures that transform light energy into chemical energy are called chloroplasts.
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What is cytoskelton?
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the network of tiny rods and filaments that forms a frameowrk for the cell is called the Cystokelton.
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What is the folded system of membranes that forms a network of interconnected compartments inside the cell called?
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the folded system of membranes that forms a network of interconnected compartments inside the cell is called ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
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What does the tangles of long strands of DNA in a cell form?
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in a cell, the tangles of long strands of DNA form the CHROMATIN
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What manages the function of the eukaryotic cell?
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The function of the eukaryotic cell are managered by the NUCLEUS
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What is the cell wall?
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The stucture outside the plasma membrane in some cells is the CELL WALL.
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What structure hold together sister chromatids?
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The structures that hold together sister chromatids are CENTROMRES
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What processdivided equally the nuclear materials between two cells?
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The process by which nuclear material is divided equally bween two cells is MITOSIS.
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What is the dark-straining structures that carry the genetic material called?
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The dark-straining structures that carry the genetic material are the CHROMOSOMES.
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What is cancer?
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The uncontrolled division of cells that result in a malignant grown is known as CANCER.
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What is the two halves of a doubled chromosome stucture called?
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the two halves of a doubled chromosome stucture called SISTER CHROMATID.
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What phrase of mitosis does the sister chromatids seperate from each other ?
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The phrase of mitosis in which the sister chromatids seperate from each other is ANAPHASE.
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What is tissue?
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Cells that work together to perform the same function are organized into TISSUE.
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What is citric acid cycle?
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A series of reaction in aerobic respiration that begins and ends with the same 6-carbon compound is the CITRIC ACID CYCLE.
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In photsynthesis, what is the series of reactions that synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide and hydrogen is known?
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In photsynthesis, the series of reactions that synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide and hydrogen is known as the CALVIN CYCLE.
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What is the anerobic process of splitting glucose to pyruvic acid called.
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the anerobic process of splitting glucose to pyruvic acid called GLYCOLYSIS
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What is the passing of electons along a series of molecules, releasing energy as they go is known?
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the passing of electons along a series of molecules, releasing energy as they go is known as an ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN.
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What is photosynthesis?
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The process by which autrtrophs use energy from sunligh to build carbohydrates is PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
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What is the gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time?
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Evoluation is the gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time
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What is the living and nonliving factors in an organism's surroundings?
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the living and nonliving factors in an organism's surroundings is ENVIRONMENT.
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What is any structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to better survive in an environment?
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any structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to better survive in an environment is ADAPTATION.
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What is the series of changes that an orgainism undergoes during its lifetime?
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the series of changes that an orgainism undergoes during its lifetime is development.
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What is an organism's tendency to maintain a stable internal environment called?
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an organism's tendency to maintain a stable internal environment is homeostasis.
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What is the process whereby an organism produces more of it own kind?
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the process whereby an organism produces more of it own kind is REPRODUCTION.
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What does this safety symbol represent?
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Substance is flammable or combustible; using an open flame could cause a fire or an explosion.
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What does this safety symbol represent?
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Chemicals or reactions between chemicals could produce dangerous fumes.
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What does this safety symbol represent?
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Substance is poisonous
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What does this safety symbol represent?
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Handling of hot objects could cause burns
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What is the release of wastes or cell products from inside to outside a cell?
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Exocytosis is the release of wastes or cell products from inside to outside a cell.
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What is movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration?
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DIFFUSION is movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration
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What is the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell called?
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the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell is HYPERTONIC SOLUTION
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What is the concentration of disolved substances in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substance inside the cell called?
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the concentration of disolved substances in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substance inside the cell is ISOTONIC SOLUTION
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What is the segment of DNA that controls the production of a protein called?
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the segment of DNA that controls the production of a protein is GENE
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What is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrance called?
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the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrance is OSMOSIS
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What is crossing over?
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Crossing Over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
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What is a cross involving two differen traits?
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a cross involving two differen traits is dihybrid.
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What is the uniting of the male and female gametes?
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the uniting of the male and female gametes is FERTILIZATION
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What is haploid?
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Haploid is a cell that contains one member of each chromosome pair.
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What type of cell division produces gametes.
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type of cell division produces gametes is MEIOSIS.
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What is homozygous?
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Homozygous is the alleles present for a trait are the same.
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What is heredity?
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Heredity is the passing of characteristics from parents to offspring.
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