1B. S3/b2 Neuro Diencephalon

Front 1

4 parts of the diencephalon

Back 1

1. Hypothalamus
2. Thalamus
3. Epithalamus(pineal gland)
4. Subthalamus(hemiballismus)

Front 2

Location and purpose of the pineal gland?(3)

Back 2

1. Unpaired on top of the tectum
2. Not in the BBB
3. Regulates and produces melatonin

Front 3

Melatonin cycles?

Back 3

1. High in the dark
2. Low in the light

Front 4

Pineal gland receives info from?

Back 4

The retina

Front 5

Thalamus functions(2)

Back 5

1. Relay Station for all sensory, motor and limbic info to cortex

2. Receives cortical info for attention, memory, and emotion

Front 6

What ventricle does the thalamus surround?

Back 6

3rd ventricle

Front 7

Anterior nucleus of thalamus input/output?

Back 7

1. input; mamillary bodies(MB)

2. output; cingulate gyrus(CG)

Front 8

Ventral Anterior and Ventral Lateral thalamic input/output?

Back 8

VA
1. bAsAl Ganglia

VL
1. CerebeLLum

Both
2. Frontal Lobe

VA and VL go to the ventral part of the brain

Front 9

VPM and VPL input/output?

Back 9

VPM
1. CN V (M for makeup)

VPL
1. STT/DCML

Both
2. Post central gyrus(somatosensory cortex)

Front 10

LGN and MGN input/ output(different)?

Back 10

LGN
1. CN II (Light)
2. B17, V1

MGN
1. CN VIII (Music)
2. Temporal Lobe

Front 11

Pulvinar nucleus of hypothalamus input/output?

Back 11

1.Post Central Gyrus
2. Parietal lobe

Front 12

Cortico-thalamic loop?

Back 12

cortex and the thalamus work in conjunction with eachother.

Front 13

Thalamic Blood Supply

Back 13

1. PCA
2. PCOMM
3. Anterior Choroidal

Front 14

Damage VPL/VPM(somatosensory)

Back 14

Contra hemianesthesia

Front 15

Lesion LGN

Back 15

homonomoys hemianopsia (partial blindness)

Front 16

Lesion VL/VA(motor)

Back 16

1.Cerebellar like(ataxia, tremor)
2.Basal Ganglia like (Chorea(jerky) + athetosis(sinuous) involuntary movements)

Front 17

Lesion ventral dorsal nucleus of thalamus

Back 17

Memory loss like wernike-korsakoff

Venti-dors = wernike corse

Front 18

Thalamic pain syndrome

Back 18

Follows a stroke

Similar to trigeminal neuralgia where you get hypersensitivity to any pain

Front 19

Hypothalamus functions

Back 19

TAN HATS
1. Thirst/ water balance
2. Autonomic control
3. Neurohyphisis
4. Hunger/satiety
5. Adenohyphosis
6. Temperature
7. Sexual urges

Front 20

General Location of hypothalamus

Back 20

Between the mamillary bodies and the pituitary gland.

Front 21

Inputs to the hypothalamus(4)

Back 21

1. Solitary Tract(7,9,10)
2. RF High command
3. Retina(circadian)
5. Limbic and olfactory

Hy see the man solitary and smelly report to high comand

Front 22

General output of the hypothalamus(2)

Back 22

1. Signals to the ANS in the medulla

2. Endocrine and exocrine signals from the pituitary

Front 23

Medial Preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus(2)

Back 23

1. Thirst
2. Fever Response

Media Preoptica
I need a drink before I see her cause she's hot/

Front 24

Paraventricular and Supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus function?

Back 24

1. Project to post. Pit.
2. Produce neurohormones ADH and Oxytocin

2 nuclei project to the posterior pituitary

Front 25

What does oxytocin do?

Back 25

Promotes pair coupling and milk ejection and labor contractions

Front 26

Cause of diabetes insipidus

Back 26

1. ADH/vasopressin deficiency
2. Could be a pituitary tumor

Front 27

What promotes pair bonding?

Back 27

ADH and oxytocin

Front 28

Suprachiasmatic nuclei(SCN) of the hypothalamus funcion?

Back 28

1. Process info from the retina into circadian rythms

You're looking at the clock

Front 29

What does the anterior nucleus of the hypothalamus do?(3)

Back 29

1. regulates pArAsympathetic
2. coordinates cooling (A/C)
3. Lesion would cause Hyperthermia and anhydrosis

A Thermometer

Front 30

What does the Arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus do?(3)

Back 30

1. Influence Secretory activity of the Anterior Pit

2. Release DA to inhibit PRL

3. Lesion would cause .... Glactorrhea and Amenorrhea

Front 31

What does the Ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus do?

Back 31

1. Satiety center
2. Lesion would cause you to grow ventrally and medially

Front 32

What does the Lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus do(2)?

Back 32

1. Feeding Center encourages eating(lateral lets you eat)

2. Lesion would cause you to stop eating
Lunch

Front 33

What is Leptin and Neuropeptide Y?

Back 33

1. Leptin causes you to feel full

2. NPY causes you to feel hungry

Front 34

What do the mamillary bodies do, iput, output and function?(3)

Back 34

1. Input from the limbic system

2. Output to the anterior thalamus via the MTT

3. Controls memory

Front 35

Werkinke Korsakoff Syndrome(2 + symptoms)

Back 35

1. Alcoholics have a thiamine deficiency(B1)

2. Mamillary body degeneration

3. Antergrade and retrograde amnesia

4. Confabulation

Front 36

Posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus function?

Back 36

1. Senses decrease in body temp

2. Wants to heat things up (the derierre heats things up)

3. Lesion would cause poikilothermia (temp varies with ambient)