Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Breast Cancer Metastases:
More than 75% of lymphatic drainage to the ___ nodes. Initially to ___ nodes Enlargement of axillary nodes is an indication of early ___. Excision of axillary nodes risks damage to ___. Excision of axillary nodes can result in ___ of upper limb. |
-axillary
-anterior or pectoral -metastases -the long thoracic nerve (serratus anterior) or the thoracodorsal nerve -lymphedema |
|
|
Winged Scapula:
Long thoracic nerve runs on the surface of the ___ and thus is vulnerable to injury, such as knife wounds. Affected scapula protrudes, particularly when patient asked to push with outstretched hands against a wall. Additionally, full ___ of the upper limb is affected Serratus anterior, in concert with the upper and lower parts of the trapezius muscle, is essential for full ___ of the upper limb. Therefore, injury to the long thoracic nerve results in the patient’s inability to ___ |
-serratus anterior
-abduction -abduction -abduct the limb greater than 90° |
|
|
Pectoralis Major M:
Large, fan-shaped muscle that covers the antero-superior aspect of the thorax. Has___ heads. Attaches to ___. Innervated by ___ Main actions – ___ |
-clavicular and sternocostal
-the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus -the lateral and medial pectoral nerves (anterior rami C5, mainly C6 to clavicular head and mainly C7 & C8, and T1 to the sternocostal head) -adducts and medially rotates humerus |
|
|
Apex of axilla lies between what?
|
the 1st rib, clavicle, and superior edge of subscapularis.
|
|
|
Base of axilla formed by what?
|
skin, subcutaneous tissue and axillary fascia
|
|
|
Contents of quadrangular space
|
axillary n., posterior humeral circumflex a. & v.
|
|
|
Triangular space contents
|
circumflex scapular a.
|
|
|
Triangular interval contents
|
radial n., profunda brachii a.
|
|
|
Ulnar nerve innervates what?
|
Innervates :
-flexor carpi ulnaris -Medial ½ of flexor digitorum profundus -Innervate ALL intrinsic muscles of the hand except 3 thenar muscles and 2 lateral lumbricals |
|
|
Radial nerve innervates what?
|
-triceps
-muscles in the extensor compartment of the forearm -brachioradialis |
|
|
When examining a brachial plexus injury and a normal EMG of the serratus anterior muscle is found, this indicates that the lesion is ___ to the roots
|
distal
|
|
|
Erb's Palsy
|
-C5, 6 nerve roots affected
-shoulder muscles, deltoid (axillary n., mainly C5) -arm muscles affected, biceps brachii & coracobrachialis (musculocutaneous n., mainly C6) -arm extended and medially rotated -fingers can flex because ulnar n. (mainly C8) not affected |
|
|
-Klumpke’s palsy
-with Horner’s Syndrome |
-damage to C7, C8, T1, e.g. climbing; forearm flexors & extensors affected
-ptosis and miosis causes by damage to T1 white ramus communicantes. |
