1920S

Front 1

The Ohio Gang

Back 1

A group of political friends from Ohio that President Harding brought in to help with the burdens of office.

Front 2

Isolationists

Back 2

foreign policy favored by Presidents Harding and President Coolidge

Front 3

Warren G. Harding

Back 3

29th President of the United States, elected in 1920, served from 1921 - 1923

Front 4

Teapot Dome Scandal

Back 4

Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall had secretly leased government land in California and at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, to oil companies. In exchange, Fall accepted large bribes. He was tried and found guilty and became the first Cabinet official ever sent to prison. Oil companies were bribing landowners.

Front 5

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Back 5

This treaty signed by Secretary of State Frank Kellogg with a foot long pen made of gold, outlawed war. The treaty proclaimed that countries would have to settle their disputes peacefully. There was no way to enforce the treaty and there was no means set up for keeping peace.

Front 6

Disarmament

Back 6

reducing a nation’s armed forces and weapons of war

Front 7

Calvin Coolidge

Back 7

He was vice president for Warren Harding (after Woodrow Wilson). Harding died of a heart attack in 1923 and Coolidge became president. Prior to being vp, he was governor of Massachusetts. He ran in the 1924 election and was elected to office.

Front 8

Nicaragua

Back 8

In 1926, a revolution broke out in Nicaragua, where American owned plantations and railroads.

Front 9

Veteran’s Bureau

Back 9

President Harding made Charles Forbes head of the Veterans Bureau and in 1923, he was convicted of stealing millions of dollars from the bureau.

Front 10

Russia

Back 10

threatened by famine in 1921, and Congress voted $20 million in aid, American aid may have saved as many as 10 million Russians from starvation

Front 11

Latin America

Back 11

During WWI, Latin America had been cut off from Europe, which caused an increase in American trade and investment in the area. This trend continued after the war.

Front 12

margin

Back 12

similar to installment buying - people bought stocks on margin - a person could buy a stock for just 10% down and the buyer could hold the stock until the price rose and then sell it for a profit

Front 13

Coolidge Prosperity

Back 13

the term that people used for the good times of the 1920s - the quantity of goods made by industry almost doubled and most American’s income rose, allowing them to buy more goods

Front 14

Installment

Back 14

method of buying on credit - buyers could buy something on credit and make payments each month to pay it off

Front 15

1933

Back 15

When the “noble experiment” (prohibition) ended

Front 16

18th Amendment

Back 16

established the prohibition of alochol

Front 17

Bootleggers

Back 17

people who smuggled in liquor from Canada and the Caribbean

Front 18

Ana Roque De Duprey

Back 18

an educator and writer who led Puerto Rican women who crusaded for the right to vote, they succeeded in 1929

Front 19

Alice Paul

Back 19

a leading suffragist who called for an equal rights amendment (ERA) in 1923 - she worked vigorously for for the ERA until her death in 1977

Front 20

Prohibition

Back 20

a ban on making and selling alcohol anywhere in the United States

Front 21

League of Women Voters

Back 21

set up by Carrie Chapman Catt to educate voters

Front 22

Speakeasies

Back 22

illegal bars that opened in nearly every city and town

Front 23

Radio

Back 23

became very popular in the 1920s

Front 24

19th Amendment

Back 24

ratified in 1920 - gave women the right to vote

Front 25

Harlem Renaissance

Back 25

a rebirth of African American arts and culture throughout the country. Some of the leading artists were from Harlem.

Front 26

Jazz

Back 26

a new kind of music that combined African rhythms and European harmonies.

Front 27

Flappers

Back 27

young women who rebelled against traditional ways of thinking and acting

Front 28

Babe Ruth

Back 28

the greatest baseball player of the 1920s - grew up in Baltimore, was raised in an orphanage because he was such a wild child, but he was not an orphan, got a baseball contract at a very young age

Front 29

Langston Hughes

Back 29

one of the best known poets of the Harlem Renaissance

Front 30

Fad

Back 30

a style or activity that is popular for a short time

Front 31

Ernest Hemingway

Back 31

one of the most popular writers of the 1920s

Front 32

Zora Neale Hurston

Back 32

she traveled through the south and collected information to write novels, essays, and short stories about

Front 33

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Back 33

a young writer who best captured the mood of the 1920s

Front 34

Herbert Hoover

Back 34

31st President of the United States, was in the very first graduating class at Stanford University, became head of the Food Administration

Front 35

Quota System

Back 35

allowed only a certain number of people from each country to enter the United States

Front 36

Anarchists

Back 36

people opposed to government

Front 37

Sacco and Vanzetti

Back 37

the trial of two Italian immigrants in Massachusetts that came to symbolize the nativism of the 1920s. The two men were arrested for robbery and murder in 1920 and admitted that they were anarchists, but insisted that they had not committed any crimes. They were convicted by a jury and sentenced to death.

Front 38

Marcus Garvey

Back 38

a popular black leader that organized the Universal Negro Improvement Association and he hoped to promote unity and pride among African Americans. His “Back to Africa” movement built racial pride.

Front 39

Scopes Trial

Back 39

a young biology teacher, John Scopes, violated state law by teaching his students Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution. He was convicted and fined.