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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Shape |
prokaryote, bacillus, cocus, spirrilum |
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prokaryote |
single celled organism without a nucleus |
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bacillus |
rod shaped prokaryote |
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spirrilum |
spiral or corkscrew shaped prokaryote |
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source of energy |
chemoheterotrophs, photoheterotrophs , autotrophs |
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chemoheterotrophs |
organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon |
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photoheterotrophs |
organisms that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds as a carbon source |
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chemoautrophic |
organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon |
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habitat |
obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe |
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obligate aerobe |
organism that requires constant of oxygen in order to survive |
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obligate anaerobe |
organism that cannot live in the presence of oxygen |
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method of reproduction |
binary fission, conjugation,endospore, nitrogen fixation |
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binary fission |
type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells
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conjugation |
form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information
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endospore |
type of spore formed when a bacterium produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm
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nitrogen fixation |
process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
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Describe the characteristics of the two kingdoms of prokaryotes
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Eubacteria is the larger of the two kingdoms they are usually surrounded by a cell wall that protects the cell from injury and determines its shape. Archaebacteria are equally small, lack nuclei, have cell walls, and live in extremely harsh environments.
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2. What factors can be used to identify prokaryotes?
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Shape, the chemical nature of their cell walls, the way they move, and the way they obtain energy.
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Give one example of how bacteria maintain equilibrium in the environment
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Some produce organic compounds and some breakdown organic compounds
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Identify the parts of a prokaryote
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Peptidoglycan, cell wall, cell membrane, ribosome, pili, DNA, flagellum
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5. What are some ways that prokaryotes obtain energy?
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Consuming organic molecules made by other organisms, make their own food from inorganic molecules.
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Why might an infection by Gram-negative bacteria be more difficult to treat than a Gram-positive bacterial infection?
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There is a membrane present around the cell wall which can increase the risk of toxicity but it's absent in gram-positive.
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1.What are the parts of a virus?
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The parts of a virus are The head, DNA, Tail sheath, and Tail fibre.
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2. Describe the two ways that viruses can cause infection?
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the two ways that viruses can cause infection are lytic infection and lysogenic infection. In a lysogenic infection, a virus integrates its DNA into the DNA of the host cell, and the viral genetic information replicates along with the host cell’s DNA. IN a lytic infection, a virus enters a cell, makes copies of itself , and causes the cell to burst.
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What is the difference between a bacteriophage and prophage?
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3. The difference between a bacteriophage and prophage is that A bacteriophage is when a virus infects bacteria, and prophage is when the viral DNA that is embedded in the host's DNA.
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What is a retrovirus?
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A Retrovirus is when a virus contains RNA as their genetic information
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. Do you think Viruses should be considered a form of life? Describe the reasons for your opinion
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.In my opinion, i think viruses should be considered a form of life because they can reproduce, regulate gene expression, and also evolve.
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What are the strengths and weaknesses of the tobacco mosaic virus hypothesis?
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A strength of the tobacco mosaic virus hypothesis is its capsid, it includes proteins that enable a virus to enter a host cell .
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