Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Antoine Lavoiser |
- First person to attempt to sort the elements - Arranged the periodic table according to the elements chemical properties - Showed a distinction between metals and non-metals. - In his table of simple substances, there was: gases, metals, non-metals, and earths. |
|
|
Johann Dobreiner |
- Dobreiner's Triads (failed) - Found some groups of 3 elements which showed similar properties - Arranged 3 elements in order of increasing atomic mass |
|
|
John Newlands |
- Newland's Octaves (failed) - Noticed that similar properties occurred every 8th element (only went until Calcium) - Arranged all the known elements according to increasing atomic mass |
|
|
Dmitri Mendeleev |
- Arranged all known elements in the order of increasing atomic masses and their properties - Left empty spaces for elements that would later be discovered |
|
|
Henry Moseley |
- Discovered that the atomic number is the most fundamental property of an element - Arranged the known elements in the order of increasing atomic number |
|
|
Periods |
7 horizontal rows |
|
|
Groups or families |
18 vertical coloumns |
|
|
Group 1 |
Alkaline Metals |
|
|
Group 2 |
Alkaline Earth Metals |
|
|
Groups 3 - 12 |
Transition Metals |
|
|
Group 13 |
Boron |
|
|
Group 14 |
Carbon |
|
|
Group 15 |
Nitrogen |
|
|
Group 16 |
Oxygen |
|
|
Group 17 |
Halogen |
|
|
Group 18 |
Noble Gases |
|
|
Alkaline Metals (Characteristics) |
- Naturally exist as compounds with other elements since they're highly reactive - Sodium (Na) is a component of salt - Lithium (Li) is used in batteries |
|
|
Alkaline Earth Metals (Characteristics) |
- Highly reactive - Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) are important to human health |
|
|
Halogen (Characteristics) |
- Reactive nonmetallic elements - Form strongly acidic compounds with hydrogen |
|
|
Noble Gases (Characteristics) |
- Most are non reactive metallic gases |
|
|
Periodic Trend (Definition) |
- Specific patterns in the periodic table that illustrate different aspects of an element |
|
|
Atomic Radius/Size (Pattern) |
- Right to left: Increases - Down: Increases |
|
|
Ions (Definition) |
- Formed when an atom gains or loses electrons |
|
|
Cation |
- Formed when electrons are removed - Positively charged - Smaller |
|
|
Anions |
- Formed when electrons are gained - Negatively charged - Larger |
|
|
Ionic Radius (Pattern) |
- Groups 14 to 1: Increases - Groups 18 to 15: Decreases - Down: Increases |
|
|
Electron Affinity (Definition) |
- Amount of energy released or spent when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negative ion |
|
|
Electron Affinity (Pattern) |
- Right to left: Decreases - Down: Decreases |
|
|
Electronagetivity (Definition) |
- Tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself - Important in chemical bonding to form new compounds |
|
|
Ionization Energy (Pattern) |
- Right to left: decreases - Down: decreases |
|
|
Molar Mass (Definition) |
- Sum of the atomic masses of the elements in a compound |
|
|
Mole (definition) |
- A counting unit used to denote the number of atoms, molecules, ions, o formula units. |
|
|
Avogadro's Number |
6.02 X 10^23 |
|
|
Ionization Energy (Definition) |
- Energy required to remove an electron |
|
|
Electronegativity (Pattern) |
- Right to left: Decreases - Down: Decreases |
