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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the macrosomic neonatal infant of a diabetic mom at risk of?
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Respiratory depression
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What is the change that occurs in babies in utero in moms with poorly controlled hyperglycemia?
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Hyperinsulinism
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What are the 2 results of Fetal hyperinsulinism?
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-Fetal macrosomia
-Increased O2 requirements |
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What happens then when babies with hyperinsulinism are born?
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They are suddenly in a low sugar environment and become hypoglycemic
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What is the treatment for IDM babies with blood glucose of 25-40 vs <25 mg/dL?
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25-40 - immediate feeding
<25 - IV glucose |
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What are 3 other conditions often found in IDM neonates that may require attention/management?
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-Hypocalcemia
-Hyperbilirubinemia -Polycythemia |
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What blood sugar level is diagnostic for gestational diabetes?
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Fasting >100 mg/dl
Other >130 mg/dl |
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What level is diagnostic of hypoglycemia?
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<40 mg/dl
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What is diagnostic of macrosomia?
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>90th %ile for gestational age
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At what point should polycythemia in a newborn be treated, and how?
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>65% hematocrit
Partial exchange transfusion |
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When should pregnant women be screened for gestational diabetes?
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24-28 weeks
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Why is there polycythemia in infants of diabetic mothers?
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Because EPO is increased in response to asphyxia due to increased O2 requirements and placental insufficiency
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Why are IDM's macrosomic?
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Because insulin has growth hormone like effects
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What results from the polycythemia?
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Hyperbilirubinemia
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What 3 congenital malformations are IDM's at increased risk for?
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-Congenital heart disease
-Caudal regression syndrome -Neural tube defects |
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What respiratory illness are IDM's at risk for at birth?
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RDS due to surfactant deficiency
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