Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
A-18. What are the oncogenes associated with Burkitt Lymphoma, CML, and Colon carcinoma?
|
BL: c-myc
CML: c-abl CC: RAS |
|
|
A-18. What are the tumor supressor genes and their associated diseases?
|
BRCA-1: breast and ovarian cancer
P53: breast, colon, and lung carcinomas |
|
|
A-18. Alkaline phosphate is found and used for...?
|
1.)Bone - track bone cancer and diagnose non-neoplastic bone disease
2.) Kidneys: track renal carcinoma 3.) PLacenta 4.) Biliary system: diagnose non-neoplastic diseases of the biliary system |
|
|
A-18. What is the clinical triad for Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
|
Nontender goiter
Typically female Hypothyroidism that becomes symptomatic |
|
|
A-18. What are the autoantibodies associated with Myasthenia Gravis and Grave's Disease?
|
MG: anti-ACh receptor
GD: anti-TSH receptor |
|
|
A-18. AL (amyloid light chain) is associated with...?
|
Mult. Myeloma and Waldenstroms's
|
|
|
A-18. AB protein (amyloid-beta) is produced by a gene on chromosome ___ and when deposted into the brain causes _______________?
|
22, Alzheimer's disease
|
|
|
A-18. What are the mechanisms of Type I-IV behind hypersensitivity reactions?
|
I: IgE mediated
II: antibody mediated cytotoxicity III: immune complex deposition IV: cell mediated |
|
|
A-18. What is the mechanism, hypersensity rx type, and onset time of Graft vs Host?
|
T-cells in transplanted tissue attack the host, Type IV (t-cell mediated cytotoxicity), days to weeks
|
|
|
A-18. What are the common and least common sites of metastases for breast and lung cancer?
|
Breast: likes bone and less commonly brain
Lung: likes brain and less commonly bone |
|
|
A-18. What are the facts to know about Autosomal Dominant, X-linked dominant, X-linked recessive, and Autosomal recessive diseases?
|
AD: never skips generations
XLD: NO male to male, never skips generations XLR: NO male to male AR: variable |
|
|
A-18. Although rare, what are two diseases that are X-linked dominant?
|
Hyperphosphatemic rickets: inherited Vit D resistance, bowed legs
Incontinnental pigmenti: mini teeth and patchy alopecia |
|
|
A-18. Leber's optic neuropathy (bilateral blindness with onset sometimes after 15 yo) is an example of what?
|
Mitochondrial inheritance: mitochondrial genes are inherited from one's mother
|
|
|
A-18. What is the inheritence pattern of Phenlyketonuria, its pathophys, and clinical presentation?
|
Autosomal recessive, unable to metabolize phenylalanie causing a buildup of phenylalanie break-down products and the inability to make Melanin and NTs Norepinephrine and Dopamine. Cause neurotoxicity and light complexion due to decreased melanin.
|
|
|
A-18. What is the pathophys and types of mucopolysaccharidoses (lysosomal storage diseases)?
|
Unable to metabolize glycosaminoglycans, which are crital components to connective tissue. Cause Hurlers, Hunters, and Scheie. Some may or may not cause retardation and/or corneal clouding (how they differ).
|
|
|
A-18. What is the pathophys and types of sphingolipidoses(lysosomal storage diseases)?
|
Unable to metabolize sphongolipids, molecules typically involved with myelin and the CNS. Niemann Pick, Krabbe's, Gauchers, Tay-Sachs, Metachromatic dystrophy, Fabry
|
|
|
A-18. What is the pathophys and presentation of Hemochromatosis?
|
Excess iron deposits in the liver, pancreas, heart, and skin - resulting in cirrhosis, new onset of type 1-like diabetes, cardiomyopathy, and bronce colored skin
|
|
|
A-18. What is the pathophys and presentation of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?
|
Many forms, all due to abnormal collagen and/or elastin. Hyperextensible skin and joints
|
|
|
A-18. What is the pathophys and clinical findings of Marfan Syndrome?
|
Due to Fibrillin deficiency, leads to defective microfibrils (critical to connective tissue). Tall and thin, ectopia lentis, aortic dilation/aneutysms, arachnodactyly, mitral valve prolapse.
|
