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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The 30 Years War
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1618-1648. War between German Catholics vs. Lutherans. Habsburgs vs Bourbons. Fought for decentralization of German states.
It's eventually involved almost all powers of Europe. Every nation had a part in the war. |
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4 Phases of the 30 Years War
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Bohemian Phase. Danish Phase. Swedish Phase. Franco-Swedish Phase.
Northern European countries got invoked on the side of the Protestants. France became the European superpower. |
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The Great Powers
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The powerful countries of Europe like England, France, Prussia, Dutch Rep., Russia.
These were the nations that dominated European politics and were the nations who shaped government. |
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Hohenzollern
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Prussian ruling dynasty
Was the dynasty that created Prussia's disciplined military and made it a significant political power. |
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Frederick William
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Ruler of Prussia during 30yw.
Created an outstanding army and an General War Commissariat to finance army. Encouraged feudalism to give himself more power. |
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Absolutism
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The belief that a king gets his power directly from God; therefore, his power is absolute.
Several European leaders used absolutism to gain total control their nation. Caused wars and political turmoil. |
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Cardinal Richelieu
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French ruler while young King Louis was too young to rule.
Put down the noble revolts called the Fronde. Centralized power into the crown by putting nobles down. |
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Nobles Robe/Sword
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Nobles who took different views of taking power.
Nobles of robe were nobles who were not as violent, more diplomatic. Nobles of sword used for violent ways of getting they're way, they were nobles of the medieval ages. |
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Louis XIV
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King of France who implemented Versailles.
First to really use absolutism and used the court of Versailles to occupy the nobles. He outlawed Calvinism, and lost power to England. |
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Jean-Baptiste Colbert
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Financed for Louis.
Used taxes and mercantilism to raise money for the King but the king managed to spend the money very quickly on war, irresponsibly. |
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Divine Right
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The belief the king has the right from God to rule.
Used by kings like Louis to rule with an iron fist to totally control the people. |
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The Stuart Kings
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James I, Charles I, Charles II, James II
Were the Monarchs who sparked the English Civil war and Glorious Revolution. |
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The Stuart Restoration
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After Charles I and Cromwell, the Stuart Dynasty is implemented once again.
What eventually leads to the total end of the Stuart dynasty and starts the constitutional monarchy. |
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Thomas Hobbes
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Philosopher of the English civil war.
Believed that humans are naturally wicked and need an all powerful ruler. |
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The Glorious Revolution
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Revolution that had little bloodshed in England.
Created the first constitutional monarchy in Europe. |
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William of Orange
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New monarch of England after the Stuart's. He's Dutch.
Monarch that invades England to be one the first constitutional monarch. |
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Constitutional Monarchy
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A monarchy limited by a set of laws called a constitution.
Was the new government of England, implemented in the Glorious Revolution. |
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John Locke
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Philosopher of the Glorious Revolution.
Believes that people are born as blank slates and develop personalities as they grow up. This that a powerful monarch is not necessary. |
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Natural Rights
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Pursuit of Life, liberty, and Property.
First introduce by John Locke. |
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English Bill of Rights
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Have parliament most of the power and limited the Kings power a lot.
Was the first constitution that almost eliminated all of the Monarchs power. The nobles had most of the power. |
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Frederick the Elector
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Ruler of Prussia. Was the ruler to create the large army.
Was the ruler who was able to make Prussia a significant European power. |
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Ivan the Terrible
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First tsar of Russia.
Crushed the Russian nobility as first king of Russia. Caused a large increase of nobility power after his death. |
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Peter the Great
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Russian Tsar who westernized Russia.
Was able to make Russia a recognized European nation and creates a unique social rank system. |
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Suleiman I and the Janissaries
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Suleiman was the Ottoman ruler who extended the Ottoman Empire. Janissaries were the Ottoman troops.
Suleiman was able to make the Ottoman Empire a noticeable European power by extending his power to the shores of the Mediterranean. |
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Witchcraft
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A craze that was sparked by social, economic, and religious insecurity.
Charged several women with witchcraft and resulted in their executions and other punishments. |
