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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sufism
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-Mystical dimensions of Islam
-Muslims seek to find divine love and knowledge through direct personal experience of God |
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Sayed Ahmad Khan
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-Indian educator/politician
-Islamic reformer -Modernist -Pioneer in Muslim education in India -Founded Muhammedan Anglo-Oriental College -Considered a "traitor" to leftist Indians |
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Shia Islam
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-2nd largest denomination of Islam (after Sunni)
-Based on Koran and words of Muhammad -Descendants of Muhammad have spiritual/political rule over community -Twelver, Ismaili, Zaidi |
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Muslim Brotherhood
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-Oldest/largest Islamic political movement
-Big presence in Egypt -Aim to instill Koran and Sunnah as sole reference point for Muslim life -Generelly oppose violent tactics |
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Ali
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-600 - 661
-cousin/son-in-law of Muhammad -ruled Islamic Caliphate from 656 - 661 -Sunnis consider him 4th and final Rashidun (rightly guided Caliph) -Shias consider him first Imam -This disagreement split the branches |
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Gamal Abdel Nasser
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-1918 - 1970
-2nd president of Egypt from 1956 - 1970 (death) -Led Egyptian Revolution of 1952 -Promoted Arab nationalism |
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Kemal Ataturk
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-1881 - 1938
-Founder of Turkey -Led Turkish National Movement/Turkish War Of Independence -Transformed Ottoman Empire into modern nation-state -Principals referred to as Kemalism |
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Muslim League
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-Political party in British India founded in 1906
-Driving force behind creation of Pakistan as Muslim state -Disintegrated in 1950s due to military coup |
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Ijtihad
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-Process of making legal decisions based on independent interpretation of legal sources, the Koran and the Sunnah
-Practiced my Mujtahids - typically Islamic law scholars -Associated with Shia Muslim Jafari school of jurisprudence |
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Ayatollah Khomeini
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-1902 - 1989
-Iranian religious leader -Leader of 1979 Iranian Revolution - overthrew Shah of Iran -Became Supreme leader of Iran |
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Warithuddin Muhammad
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-1933 - 2008
-Son of Elijah Muhammad, founder of Nation of Islam -Became leader after father's death -Tried to bring Nation closer to Sunni Islam |
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Pancasila
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-Philosophical foundation of Indonesia
-5 Principals 1. Belief in 1 God 2. Just and civilized humanity 3. The unity of Indonesia 4. Democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations amongst representatives 5. Social justice for the whole of the people of Indonesia |
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Sudanese Mahdi
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-Muhammad Ahmad
-1881 -Declared jihad against Egyptian authority in Sudan -Successfully toppled Egyptian occupation/army -Died soon after -Movement lost power 1898 - British army destroyed his army |
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Qasim Amin
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-Man
-Founder of Cairo University -Egyptian National Movement -Advocate of women's rights in Egypt |
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Swahili Language
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-Spoken by many Indian Ocean and African ethnic groups
-5 - 10 million people's national language |
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Sukarno
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-First President of Indonesia
-Helped country win independence from Netherlands -President from 1945 - 1967 -Forced out by one of his generals |
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Safavid Empire
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-An Iranian ruling dynasty of Persia
-Shia as official religion -Ruled Iran from 1501 - 1772 -Spread Shia Islam to much of West Asia |
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Wahhabi Islam
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-Reformist Sunni movement
-Return to practices of first 3 centuries of Islam -Largely in Saudi Arabia -Primary doctrine - Tawhid - uniqueness and unity of God |
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Sokoto Caliphate
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-Islamic spiritual community in Nigeria
-Started in early 1800s -Was most powerful empire in sub-Saharan Africa prior to European conquest |
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New Veiling Movement
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-Started in 1970s
-Moral/behavioral code -Women cover up |
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Moorish Science Temple
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-States African Americans were descendents of the Moors - were originally Islamic
-Started in 1913 in Chicago |
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Muhammad Abduh
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-1849 - 1905
-Egyptian jurist/religious scholar -Founder of Islamic Modernism |
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"Mandate Of The Jurist"
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-Ayatollah Khomeini
-Legal doctrine of Iran |
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Anglo-Muhammadan Law
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-British Colonial courts
-Based on Islamic texts -Ended criminal law in 1860 -Ended personal status law in 1937 |
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"Islam Is The Solution"
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-View that Islam is the solution to violence/problems
-Opposed to cause - some Western views |
