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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sensible vs. insensible losses
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sensible fluid losses ar those the person is aware of such as through wound drainage, GI tract losses and urination. Insensible fluid losses may occur without the person's awareness. Insensible losses occur daily through the skin and lungS
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IBS Drugs
Can be used for either constipation OR diarrhea (may increase abd pressure) When used for diarrhea, it should be used w/o water When used for constipation, use with water gs |
Fiber, psyllium, Metamucil
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IBS Drugs
Useful as a DAILY medication (daily or BID) to prevent constipation emoliant that gets water into Gi tract to mush |
Docusate
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IBS Drugs
Useful as a suppository when other symptoms like nausea prevent PO use of medications and works as a quick response agent when patients do not have bowel movements for > 2 days (constipation) |
Bisacodyl
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IBS Drugs
Useful for constipation – patients may have a very aggressive stool after drinking; recommend in moderation. CAUTION in pt with poor renal fx |
Magnesium citrate
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IBS Drugs
Typically used in combo w/ enemas to really “clean a patient out” b4 a procedure… (for constipation) |
Go-Lytely
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IBS Drugs
Good for pts with constipation and gastritis and dyspepsia; magnesium containing products cause diarrhea |
Milk of magnesia
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IBS Drugs
Good for many patients w/ constipation (diabetic gastroparesis), but may increase blood sugars and result in hypokalemia (30 cc q8hr and qhs unless watery stools) |
Lactulose
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IBS Drugs
May cause respiratory depression in sensitive individuals (for constipation) |
Polyethylene glycol
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IBS Drugs
Only available after all other options due to high risk of mortality (for constipation) works on 5HT in gut |
Tegaserod
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IBS Drugs
May be more expensive (for constipation) (helps bring water into GI) Different mechanism of action |
Lubiprostone
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IBS Drugs
Indicated for opioid related constipation |
Methylnaltrexone
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IBS Drugs
Useful for abdominal cramps; Anticholinergic effects! ( causes → constipation) |
Dicyclomine and TCAs
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IBS Drugs
Helps treat diarrhea; can mask infection (helps bring water into GI) |
Loperamide
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IBS Drugs
txs abdominal cramps |
Hyoscamine
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IBS Drugs
diarrhea diphenoxylate SE: non-analgesic at these doses, fatalities in children atropine SE: antimuscarinic, tachycardia, anhidrosis and heat intolerence, tremors |
diphenoxylate + atropine
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IBS Drugs
bile acid seq to tx diarrhea |
cholestyramine
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IBS Drugs
lubricant for GI, causes lipid pneumonitis (oil gets into lungs) in peds and geri |
mineral oil
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Symptom Triad of ibs
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1.) Constipation
2.) Diarrhea and 3.) Abdominal cramps |
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lifestyle and diet may help many of the symptoms of ____ but not ____ where pts have less control.
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IBS, IBD
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Severe Symptoms of IBS requiring referral…
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mucus in the stool
hypokalemia impaction – need medical attention volume depletion due to diarrhea Failure to put on weight |
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IBS TX
Diarrhea: Constipation: Abdominal cramps: |
Diarrhea: fiber (w/o water); loperamide; diphenoxylate + atropine; cholestyramine (similar effects as fiber)
Constipation: fiber (with water); Milk of magnesia (causes diarrhea); lactulose; polethylene glycol; magnesium citrate; Go-Lytely products; Metamucil fiber with psyllium and non-psyllium (inulin); tegaserod; lubiprostone |
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IBS Alarm Sxs
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Diarrhea may be volume depleted
Fever may be infection Tremors could be anything Weakness could be more serious |
