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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the pathology of cataracts?
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Painless, often bilateral opacification of the lens
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What are the symptoms of cataracts?
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Loss of vision
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What are the risk factors for cataracts?
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Age, smoking, EtOH, excessive sunlight, prolonged corticosteroid use, classic galatosemia, galactokinase deficiency, diabetes, trauma, infection
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What is the pathology of papilledema?
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Optic disc swelling from inc intracranial pressure
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What are the 10 steps of the pupillary light reflex?
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Cells of the retina --> Optic tract --> Optic nerve --> Pretectal nucleus --> Bilateral Edinger-Westphal nuclei --> preganglionic parasympathetic fibers on occulomotor nerve --> ciliary ganglion --> postganglionic parasympathetic fibers --> pupillary sphincter of iris --> pupillary constriction
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What will the light reflex be like if there is damage to the right optic nerve prior to the pretectal nuclei?
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No constriction of either L/R when light is shined in the right eye
Both pupils constrict when light is shined in left eye |
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What will the light reflex be like if there is damage to the right occulomotor nerve?
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Right will not respond to the light shone in either eye
Left will constrict when light shined in either eye |
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What is the pathology called when there is a lesion to the optic nerve?
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R/L anopia, with complete visual loss of that eye
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What is the pathology called when there is a lesion at the optic chiasm?
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Bitemporal hemianopia, loss of temporal visual fields
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What is the pathology called when the optic tract is lesioned after the optic chiasm?
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R/L homonymous hemianopia, loss of ipsilateral median field and contralateral lateral field to the lesion
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