1.2 Fbla Introduction To Information Technology

Front 1

Towers are the most popular type of desktop system and there are three types:

Back 1

1. Mini

2. Mid

3. Full

Front 2

The front of the tower case is called the _.

Back 2

bezel

Front 3

Each tower type is designed for a certain _.

Back 3

motherboard form factor

Front 4

HTPC stands for _.

Back 4

Home Theater Personal Computer

Front 5

_ are where you insert hard drives and CD/DVD drives.

Back 5

Drive bays

Front 6

Most cases are made of _. Sometimes the bezel is _.

Back 6

aluminum, steel, or both

plastic

Front 7

Many cases come with a _ already installed.

Back 7

power supply

Front 8

PSU stands for _.

Back 8

Power Supply Unit

Front 9

The BIOS is located _.

Back 9

on the motherboard

Front 10

BIOS stands for _.

Back 10

Basic Input Output System

Front 11

The BIOS chip does these things:

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1. It reads the CMOS settings

2. Performs the POST (Power On Self Test)

3. Checks for devices

4. Reads the master boot record on the hard drive so the operating system can load

Front 12

_ and _ are the two main BIOS makers.

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1. Phoenix Technologies

2. American Megatrends

Front 13

All motherboards have (8):

Back 13

1.BIOS Chip

2. Battery

3. Form Factor

4. Type of Processor They Support

5. Chipset

6. Type of Bus & Bus Speed

7. Expansion Slots

8. Memory Slots

Front 14

The battery maintains the _ after the power is turned off.

Back 14

1. Time

2. CMOS settings

Front 15

The form factor refers to _.

Back 15

a motherboard's dimensions and layout of its components.

Front 16

Every motherboard supports either an _ or an _ processor (called the central processing unit or CPU). They are not interchangeable.

Back 16

1. AMD

2. Intel

Front 17

The chipset is either one chip or a pair of chips that _.

Back 17

allows communication between the CPU and other components

Front 18

If there are two chips in a chipset one is called the _ and the other _.

Back 18

1. northbridge

2. southbridge

Front 19

The northbridge connects directly to the processor through the front side bus and lets it talk to (3)_.

Back 19

1. the memory

2.AGP

3.PCI Express controllers

Front 20

AGP stands for:

Back 20

Accelerated Graphics Port

Front 21

The southbridge connects to the _ indirectly via the northbridge and controls slower devices such as the (6)_.

Back 21

1. processor

2. hard drive

3. USB

4. audio

5. video

6. LAN

7. PCI

Front 22

In electronics, you can think of a bus as an _.

Back 22

electronic highway on which data travels

Front 23

CPU stands for:

Back 23

Central Processing Unit

Front 24

Processors consist of two parts:

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1. Arithmetic Unit

2. Control Unit

Front 25

The Arithmetic Unit performs _, and the Control Unit _.

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1. math and logical operations

2. decodes instructions

Front 26

PGA stands for

Back 26

Pin Grid Array

Front 27

PGA is _.

Back 27

A processor package that is usually square with pins underneath that fit into holes on the CPU's slot.

Front 28

LGA stands for

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Land Grid Array

Front 29

LGA is _.

Back 29

When the pins are located on the slots themselves

Front 30

Socket Type: LGA 771 (Socket J)

Back 30

Manufacturer: Intel (Xeon Server)

Front 31

Socket Type: LGA 775 (Socket T)

Back 31

Manufacturer: Intel

Front 32

Socket Type: LGA 1156 (Socket H)

Back 32

Manufacturer: Intel

Front 33

Socket Type: LGA 1166 (Socket B)

Back 33

Manufacturer: Intel

Front 34

Socket Type:AM2

Back 34

Manufacturer: AMD

Front 35

Socket Type:AM2+

Back 35

Manufacturer: AMD

Front 36

Socket Type: AM3

Back 36

Manufacturer: AMD

Front 37

AM2+ and AM3 mainly differ in terms of the _ each supports. AM2+ supports _ while AM3 supports _.

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1. memory

2. DDR2

3. DDR2 and DDR3

Front 38

Each processor is specific to a _.

Back 38

motherboard

Front 39

AM3 is an example of a _.

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AMD processor

Front 40

LGA 775 (Socket T) is an example of a _.

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Intel processor

Front 41

Speed is measured in _.

Back 41

Gigahertz (GHz)

Front 42

Because the CPU greatly determines the overall performance of a PC, the _ and _ are two of the main factors to look for when deciding to buy a computer.

Back 42

1. type of processor

2. it's speed

Front 43

How do you find the CPU speed for a given motherboard?

Back 43

CPUs contain a multiplier that when multiplied by the bus speed, yields the appropriate CPU speed for a given motherboard. For example, if the speed of a motherboard is 800 MHz, and the CPU multiplier is 4, then the processor's speed is 800 x 4 = 3200 MHz or 3.2 GHz.

Front 44

CPUs are either _ or _.

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32-bit or 64-bit.

Front 45

What does 32-bit or 64-bit mean?

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How much data that can be processed in terms of bits.

Front 46

A bit is _.

Back 46

In computers data is composed of 1's and 0's (e.g. 01110010). A bit is either a 0 or a 1.

Front 47

CPU cache is _.

Back 47

Memory set aside for the most frequently used data

Front 48

The types of CPU caches are:

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Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 (commonly just called L1, L2, and L3).

Front 49

An L1 cache (3):

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1. Uses extremely fast and expensive SRAM (Static RAM)

2. Is the smallest in size

3. Is located on the processor

Front 50

An L2 cache (1):

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1. Is slightly larger than an L1 cache

Front 51

An L3 cache:

Back 51

1. Is the largest

2. Usually located outside of the CPU

3. Shared by alll the cores

Front 52

Dual core and multicore are generic for _.

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Any processor that literally contains two or more CPUs in one package.

Front 53

AMD's Athlon x2, Turion x2, and Intel's Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Extreme are examples of _.

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Dual core CPUs

Front 54

AMD Phenom x3 and x4 and Intel's Core 2 Quad and the Core i7 are examples of _.

Back 54

Multicore CPUs

Front 55

RAM stands for:

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Random Access Memory

Front 56

RAM is temporary storage, meaning that _.

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Once a computer is turned off, everything stored in it is lost

Front 57

SDRAM stands for:

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Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory

Front 58

DDR stands for:

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Double Data Rate

Front 59

_ are designed to match the number of pins on a stick of RAM.

Back 59

Banks

Front 60

CAS stands:

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Column Address Strobe

Front 61

CAS latency is _. The (smaller/larger) the CAS latency, the (slower/quicker) data is retrieved.

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1. the time between when the processor asks for data and when that data is sent

2. smaller

3. quicker

Front 62

SRAM stands for:

Back 62

Static Random Access Memory

Front 63

lash memory is non-volatile, meaning it doesn't require _ to retain its contents .

Back 63

electricity

Front 64

EEPROM stands for:

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Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Front 65

Every computer must have a HDD, or

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hard disk drive (commonly called a hard drive)

Front 66

Your operating system is stored on the _.

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hard drive

Front 67

_ is the maximum amount of data a drive or disk (for example, a DVD disk) can store.

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Capacity

Front 68

RPM stands for

Back 68

Revolutions Per Minute

Front 69

IDE stands for:

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Integrated Drive Electronics. In EIDE, E is for Enhanced.

Front 70

The IDE interface standard has been around for a very long time. The term interface in this sense means _.

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how the drive connects to the motherboard

Front 71

ATA stands for:

Back 71

Advanced Technology Attachment

Front 72

IDE, EIDE, and ATA connect to the motherboard _.

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via a flat, 80-wire cable to an IDE connector. Two drives can be attached on one cable.

Front 73

The speed of a hard drive is determined by _.

Back 73

how fast the connector can send data

Front 74

IDE drive connectors use a parallel bus, meaning _.

Back 74

multiple bits are transmitted simultaneously

Front 75

To distinguish between Serial ATA drives, IDE disks are also referred to as _.

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PATA (P for parallel).

Front 76

Today, _ disk drives are the current standard and use a serial interface to transfer data.

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SATA

Front 77

With PATA, data is _.

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Sent and received on the same path.

Front 78

With SATA, data is _.

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Sent and received on two different paths.

Front 79

SATA uses a _ cable for connecting to the motherboard.

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7-wire

Front 80

SCSI (Pronounced "scuzzy") stands for:

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Small Computer Systems Interface

Front 81

SSD stands for:

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Solid State Drive

Front 82

LAN stands for:

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Local Area Network

Front 83

USB stands for:

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Universal Serial Bus