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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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On a standard topographical map what is located in the center upper margin as well as the right or left side in the lower margin |
Sheet Name
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This is the reference number for the topographical map. It is located on the upper right and lower left margins
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Sheet number
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This is normally located only within the lower right hand margin in a topographical map
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Elevation guide
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Common topographical maps will have grid squares that are usually at what scale
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1000 meters X 1000 meters
(not 1000 square meters) |
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The basic reading principle of a topographical map is as follows
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Read right then up
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This is found both in the upper left margin after the series name and in the center of the lower margin.
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Scale
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If you have a map with a scale of 1:50,000 and another map 1:25,000 which will give more detail and why
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1:25,000 because 1 inch on the map represents only 25,000 inces on the ground.
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This indicates the angular relationship of tru north, grid north, and magnetic north
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Declination Diagram
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Used to convert map distance to ground distance.
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Bar scales
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This illustrates and identifies the topographic symbols used to depict some of the more prominent features on the map
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Legend
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A series of straight lines intersected at right angles and forming a series of squares
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Grid lines
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Intersect at right angles of the horizontal and vertical grid lines
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Grid squares
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the following grid coordinates will locate a point on a map wihin how many meters:
-A four digit grid coordinate -A six digit grid coordinate -An eight digit grid coordinate |
4=Within 1000 meters
6=Within 100 meters 8=Within 10 meters |
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A line from any point on the earths surface to the North Pole
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True North
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A magnetic field that is close to the North Pole indicated by the north-seeking arrow of the lensatic compass
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Magnetic North
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This base line is established by using the vertical gridlines on the map
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Grid North
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This terrain feature the ground slopes down in all directions
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Hill
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This terrain feature is a series of hills that are all connected to each other near the top
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Ridge
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This terrain feature is a dip or low point between two areas of higher ground but not necessarily the lower ground between two hilltops
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Saddle
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This terrain feature is a short, continuous sloping line of higher ground, normall jutting out from the side of a ridge or hill. Often formed by two roughly parallel draws. The ground slopes down in 3 directions and up in 1.
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Finger/Spur
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This terrain feature is a short continous line of low ground. (essentially no level ground) Ground slopes upward in 3 directions and down in 1.
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Draw
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This terrain feature is a low point in the ground or a sinkhole. An area of low ground surrounded by higher ground in all directions
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Depression
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This protects the floating dial and the glass encasement of a compass
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Cover
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This is mounted on a pivot so that it rotates freely when the compass is held level
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Floating dial
illuminous arrow, E and W are printed on the dial |
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When is mil used as another unit of measure
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Mainly used with artillery, tank, and mortar gunnery. mil expresses the size of an angle formed when a circle is divided into 6,400 angles with the vertex of angles at the center of the circle.
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A circle =_____mil divided by ______degrees or ______mils. To convert degrees to mils, multiply degrees by_______
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6400, 360, 17.78
17.78 |
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This houses the floating dial and contains a fixed black index line for the compass
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Glass encasement
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This device contains 120 clicks when fully rotated. Each click = 3 degrees
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Bezel ring
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How many clicks on bezel ring when fully rotated. Each click = how many degrees
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120 clicks
3 degrees |
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What locks the floating dial? When will the floating dial float freely
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The rear sight
must be opened more than 45 degrees |
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This is used in conjunction with the front sighting wire when aiming at objects
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Rear sight slot
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The angular difference between Grid North and Magnetic North is called
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G-M ANGLE
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Before you can plot a magnetic azimuth on a map or a grid azimuth to navigate what should you do
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Convert it
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Azimuths measured with a protractor are what
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Grid azimuths
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Azimuths determined with the compass are what
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Magnetic azimuths
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How can you determine the difference between grid and magnetic north. How do you convert them
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By refering to the declination diagram on a map
LARS Left add, Right subtract M <-> G (magnetic -> grid = add {major to general}) (magnetic <- grid = subtract{General to major}) |
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What two ways can you orient your map
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Map and compass
Terrain association |
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How do you orient your map using map and compass technique
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Place map flat on ground, using left straight edge of open compass , align the magnetic north arrow on declination diagram. Simutanously rotate map and compass until north-seeking arrow is below the fixed black index line on compass.
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Using this technique requires careful examination of the map and the features on the ground
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Terrain association
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How do you orient your map using terrain association
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Identify prominent terrain features on the map that you can find on the ground.
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What techniques can you use to determine your position
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Location by inspection
Location by One-Point-Resection Location by Two-Point-Resection |
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What is the rule to calculate a grid back azimuth
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If you have a grid azimuth of 180* or less you add 180
If you have a grid azimuth of more than 180* you subtract 180 to get your grid back azimuth |
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How would you use Location by Two-Point-Resection
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By compass to cheek technique retrieve your magnetic azimuth to both terrain features
Convert to grid azimuth, convert to grid back azimuth. Plot both grid azimuth and grid back azimuth for both terrain features. Connect grid azimuth to grid back azimuth for both, where they intersect is your location |
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How do you use Location by inspection
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Two prominent features you can visually see and then determine on the map, Rotate the map until they are aligned with exactly how you see them
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How many parts of a compass and what are they
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10
-Cover -Base -Floating dial -Glass encasement -Bezel ring -Thumb loop -Rear sight -Rear sight slot -Lens -Front sight wire |
