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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ultimate reduction product of electron transport
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O2 to water
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order of electron transfer between complexes in the transport system
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I to III to IV or II to III to IV
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ATP generating "machine" connected with electron transport
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FoF1 ATP synthase
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location of protons in protein gradient established in mitochondria
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intermembrane space
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lipid soluble carrier that helps in transfer of electrons between complex II and III
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Coenzyme Q
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lipid soluble carrier that helps in transfer of electrons between complex III and IV; involved in initating necrosis and apoptotic processes
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Cytochrome C
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uses of energy from electron transport system
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ATP generation; proton/electrochemical gradient; heat
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Complex I AKA
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NADH dehydrogenase
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Complex II AKA
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Succinate dehydrogenase
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Complex III AKA
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Cytochrome b-c1 complex
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Complex IV AKA
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Cytochrome oxidase
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component of plastic that inhibits Complex IV
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cyanide
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antidote to cyanide poisoning that works by converting Hb to metHB (+3)
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nitrates
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combustion by product that inhibits complex IV
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Carbon monoxide
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pore of ATP synthase
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Fo
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head of ATP synthase
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F1 ATPase
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mechanism of acidification of lysosomes
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reversal of FoF1 ATPase and hydrolysis of ATP
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decrease the proton gradient in electron transport
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uncouplers
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chemicals that are uncouplers of electron transport
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dinitrophenol (a proton carrier) and aspirin
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vital sign indicating someone has been poisoned by an uncoupler
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increased respiration
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stage at which oxygen is reduced in electron transport
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after electron is transferred to Complex IV
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reason why DNP is an effective uncoupler
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pKa = 7.2, lipid soluble molecule that easily diffuses across the inner mitochondrial membran
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vital sign indicating some has been poisioned by something like cyanide or CO
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decreased respiration (due to inability to transfer electron and utilize O2)
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natural uncoupler that occurs in brown fat (works as a proton transporter imbedded in the membrane0
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thermogenin or uncoupling protein (UCP)
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general process that results in cell lysis caused by deficiency in O2 and a consequent decrease in ATP levels and pH (due to lactic acidosis)
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tissue hypoxia
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an ion that can be transported into the mitochondiral matrix in a uniport fashion due to the proton gradient
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Ca2+
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an ion pair that is transported between the matrix and intermembrane space in an antiport fashion as a consequence of the proton gradient
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ADP/ATP
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two molecules that are transported into the mitochondrial matrix in a symport fashion with a proton
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pyruvate and phosphate
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molecules in the outer membrane of the mitochondria causing its porosity
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porins
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a pore that is formed due to an excess of intracellular Ca and placement of the ANT near a porin; cytochrome C is involved too
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mitochondrial permeability transition pore
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a "shuttle" molecule that can be oxidized to DHAP and produce a FAD(2H) that can generate approximately 1.5 ATPs via electron transport
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glycerol 3-P
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a reducing agent involved with ATP production that donates electrons to coenzyme Q
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FAD(2H)
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a "shuttle" system that allows for the oxidation of NAD+ outside of the mitochondrial membrane and the reduction of NAD+ inside of the mitochondrial membrane, whereby NADH works via the ETS to generate approximately 2.5 moles ATP
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malate-aspartate shuttle
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markers for cardiac ischemia
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CK MB and troponin
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NADH oxidation occurs via a shuttle system in this pathway
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aerobic glycolysis
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NADH oxidation occurs via lactate dehydrogenase in this pathway
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anaerobic glycolysis
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