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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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On all types of cells when Epi/Nor Epi bind to the receptors, what happens?
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It cause the Ca++ gates to open
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Can Epi/Nor Epi cause muscle contractions? explain
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yes by opening the Ca++ gates
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what is the defin. of blood pressure?
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the force of the blood excerted against the walls of the arteries (only)
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which has more smooth muscle, an artery or a vein?
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Artery
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If you touch an artery will it collapes? explain
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No, it has alot of smooth muscle around it making it stiff
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what happens when Epi/Nor Epi bind to the cells of arteries?
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The luman gets smaller causing vasoconstriction.
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what happens when Epi/Nor Epr bind to the cells on veins?
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The luman doesn't change much
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what happend when the pressure is increased in a vein?
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the walls will ballon out and the pressure will go back down.
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What kind of vessel is a vein known as?
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a compliance vessel
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which as valves in the them? a vein or an artery?
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vein
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why is their valves in veins?
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to help to get blood back to the heart.
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how does the veins get the blood back to the heart?
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the muscle pushes on the vein and it pushes the blood through the valves
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what is the skeltal muscle know for with regards to blood pressure?
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The musclular system in cresase venous return
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what are the ways that increase venous return?
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excersize, muscle twiches, range of motions, squeeze down on heart, smooth muscle in the gut.
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capitaries are made out of what?
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a single cells thick simple sqamous epth.
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At any one time what is the % of capularies open?
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10 %
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what does it mean when only 10% of capularies are open?
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that only 10% of you body is getting oxygen and nurtrance
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when is the only time that a signficate amout of capularies are open?
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during excerzing.
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what are the Perimeters that control blood pressure?
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herat rate, peripheral resistance, blood viscosity, blood volume, stroke volume
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when smooth muscle is clamped down or squeeze on and it contracts, what is this called?
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myogenic control
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what is Frank Straling Law
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stretch the muscle to align the actin and myosin better to give a greater force of contraction
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CO = HR X SV
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cardiac output= heart rate x stroke volume
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SV = EDV - ESV
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stroke volume = end diastolic vol - end stolic
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BP = CO X PR
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blood pressure = cardiac output x peripheral resistance
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where is the hormone erythropoietin released from?
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the kidneys
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erythropoietin stimulates what? why?
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red bone marrow to increase erythropoiesis.
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what are the specialize nerves that detect changes in blood pressure?
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Baroreceptors
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where are barorecptors found?
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carotid arteries, aortic arch and kindneys
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where do the barorecetors send information to?
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the hypothalamus,
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what is the sympathic nerve system job, with regards to blood pressure?
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to regulate all five of the Perimeters of blood pressure
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what can sence the changes in O2 content? where are they located?
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baroreceptors only found in the kidneys
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what are the two things that stimulating barorecptoers will do?
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stimulaus from Symphathic nerve system. also they directly stimulate the kidney
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when the sympathic NS and barorecptors stimulate the kidney, what does this do?
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release the hormone erythropoietin
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what does erythropoiesis mean?
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production of RBC
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when their is an increase of erythropiesis, what does this cause?
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an increase in blood viscosity
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how does increase blood cells cause blood pressure to go up?
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increase in peripherial resistance causing an increase in blood pressure
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How long does blood viscosity take?
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two weeks
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what is a way to increase blood viscosity?
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living above 6000 feet, O2 containt is lower, it cause the heart to work harder.
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End diastolic volume is what?
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the volume of blood in the ventrical after it has filled and the valve is shut.
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End stolic volume is what?
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the volume of blood left in the ventrical after the heart contracted.
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what is stroke volume?
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how many ml of blood squeezed out after one heart beat.
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what is the unit on stroke volume?
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ml per beat
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how do you change stroke volume?
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decrease end stolic volume
increase end diastolic volume or do both. |
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what does it mean to increase end diastole volume?
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to fill the ventrical up more then normal.
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how do you fill a ventrical up?
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contraction of muscles causing venous return
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How do you increase venous return in a person that was in an accident?
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deep breathing
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what part of the brain stimulates breathing?
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the Medulla oblongata
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what does the Medulla oblongata stimutate?
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the Phrenic nerve
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What is the phrenic nerve's job?
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it causes the chest muscles to move.
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what happens when the Medulla oblongta and phrenic nerves route is taken?
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the Rate and deapth of respiration increases increases venous return.
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cardiac output is write how?
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ml per/min
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what is the Frank Starling law?
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actin and myosin are not alinged, if you strech the muscle to align the actin and myosin for a greater force of contraction
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