1105 Bio Lab Exam #2

Front 1

Which gland is located on either side of the trachea?

Back 1

Thyroid gland

Front 2

Which major secretion of the thyroid gland regulates the metabolic rate of the body?

Back 2

Thyroxin

Front 3

A fibrous band that runs vertically along the center of the anterior abdominal wall and receives the attachments of the oblique and transverse abdominal muscles. Also called white line.

Back 3

linea alba

Front 4

Gland that lies directly over the upper part of the heart

Back 4

Thymus gland

Front 5

term: body cavity

Back 5

coelom

Front 6

term: internal organs

Back 6

viscera

Front 7

term: membranous tissue covering the abdominal cavity and viscera

Back 7

peritoneum

Front 8

4 Types of peritoneum:

Back 8

Parietal peritoneum - covers the walls of the abdominal cavity

Visceral peritoneum - covers the internal organs

Mesenteries - thin membranes continuous between the parietal and viscera peritoneums. They attach the internal organs to the dorsal body wall.

Omentia - thin membranes extending from the visceral peritoneums and connect organ to organ

Front 9

(4) Functions of the liver:

Back 9

1) produce bile to help digest fat
2) store glycogen
3) change nitrogenous wastes into less harmful substances
4) change digested nutrients into various molecules needed by the body

Front 10

What organ to we have that rats do not?

Back 10

gallbladder

Front 11

Name the four lobes of liver:

Back 11

Median (cystic) - located atop the organ. There is a cleft in its central part

Left lateral lobe - large and partially covered by the stomach

right lateral lobe - paritially divided into an anterior and posterior lobule, is smaller than the left lateral lobe and is hidden from view by the median lobe.

Caudate lobe - is small, folds around the esophagus and stomach, and appears to be in two small sections seen most easliy when the liver is raised.

Front 12

(3) Functions of the stomach:

Back 12

1) food storage
2) physical breakdown of food
3) initial enzymatic digestion of protein

Front 13

What controls the intake of fluids into the stomach from the esophagus?

Back 13

cardiac sphincter - circular muscles that contract and guard the opening between the cavities

Front 14

Function of the spleen:

Back 14

associated with the circulatory system and functions in the formation, storage, and destruction of blood cells

Front 15

Which gland secretes digestive enzymes in the intestinal tract and insulin in the bloodstreem?

Back 15

Pancreas

Front 16

Which valve controls flow from the small intestine to the colon?

Back 16

ileocecal valve

Front 17

Name the five sections of the colon:

Back 17

Cecum, Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, rectum (functions and descriptions located in lab manual page 509)

Front 18

Which vessel transports blood to the kidney for filtering?

Back 18

Renal artery

Front 19

Identify the tube that conducts urine from the kidneys... and its path to its final destination in the toilet (hopefully).

Back 19

The ureter conducts from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

The renal pelvis collects urine from the kidney, travels down the ureter into the urinary bladder, to the urethra which carries it to the urethral orifice where the urine is expelled.

Front 20

What does the scrotal sac contain?

Back 20

the major reproductive organs of the male: testes

Front 21

What tube collects and stores maturing sperm cells produced within the testis?

Back 21

The epididymis that lies on the surface of the testis in a coiled tube.

Front 22

Describe the pathway of sperm starting in the testis

Back 22

Testis, epididymis collects and stores, vas deferens conducts sperm from epididymis to urethra, which carries sperm through the penis and OUT! hooray for baby-making.

Front 23

Which two glands secrete a lot of the material that makes up the seminal fluid (semen)?

Back 23

Seminal vesicles and prostrate gland

Front 24

Explain the difference between the uterus of a human and that of some other nonprimate mammals.

Back 24

Nonprimate mammals have a duplex uterus to accommodate more than one offspring (litter). The simplex uterus that humans have only has a single, medial chamber for development of an embryo.

Front 25

What are the tiny tubes between the ovaries and the uterine horns?

Back 25

Oviducts - capture eggs produced by the ovaries and conduct the eggs to the uterine horns

Front 26

The tricuspid is located on which side of the heart?

Back 26

Right

Front 27

Which artery off of the abdominal aorta delivers blood toward the stomach, liver, spleen, and pancreas?

Back 27

Celiac artery

Front 28

Which artery off of the abdominal artery directly supplies the small intestine and intestinal mesenteries?

Back 28

superior mesenteric artery

Front 29

What pair of arteries lead toward the dorsal muscles of the back?

Back 29

iliolumbar arteries

Front 30

Celiac artery gives rise to which three vessels?

Back 30

1) hepatic artery
2) gastric artery
3) splenic artery