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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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proteins are ____ molecules
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large
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____ are composed of 50 or more chains of ____ ____
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proteins - amino acids
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____ are composed of chains of less than 50 amino acids
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polypeptides
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4 structural levels of protein that are crucial to their function
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primary - secondary - tertiary - quaternary
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primary structure is in a ____ sequence of amino acids
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linear
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secondary structure alpha helix are ____ of the amino acid (alpha helix)
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coils
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secondary structure beta pleated sheets are linked ____ by ____ by ____ ____
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side - side - hydrogen bonds
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tertiary structures are ____ or ____ sheets folded to produce ball-like or ____ molecule
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helix - pleated - globule
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quaternary structure are ____ or more ____ ____ for complex protein
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2 - protein chains
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1 example of quaternary structure
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hemoglobin
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fibrous protein are ____ strand-like, water ____, has ____, ____ & ____
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extended -INsoluble - collagen, keratin, elastin
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globular protein is ____ shape, water ____ & chemically ____
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sphere - soluble - active
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protein denaturation can interupt arrangement of
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active sites
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enzymes are ____ occurring from body and are ____ ____ that trigger chemical reaction
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naturally - globular proteins
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enzymes are globular protein that act as a ____.
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catalyst
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each enzyme can trigger a
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chemical reaction
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some enzymes require
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1 specific reaction
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enzymes act by a
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cofactor or coenzyme
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the enzyme binds to
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often vitamins or metal ions
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the enzyme releases
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activation energy
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nucleic acids 2 molecules
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deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) + ribonucleic acid (RNA)
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nucleic acids contain (4)
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Carbon - Hydrogen - Nitrogen - Phosphorus
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nucleic acid is composed of
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nucleotides
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3 components of nucleotide
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nitrogen containing base - pentose sugar - phosphate group
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DNA is ____-stranded, found ____, & carries ____ ____
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double - in nucleus - genetic information
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RNA is ____-stranded, found ____, has ____ sugar, & carries
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single-stranded - found out nucleus - ribose sugar - carries out orders from DNA
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