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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the antiparkinson drugs...3
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dopaminergic, anticholinergic, MAO-B inhibitors
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What are the drugs for sleep/anxiety... 2
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barbiturates and nonbariturates-benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepines
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What are the drugs taken for depression... 4
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SSRI's, Tricyclics, MAO Inhibitors, Monocyclic
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What are the drugs taken for seizures...5
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Barbiturates, hydantoins, benzodiazepines, gabapentin, valporic acid
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What are the antipsychotic drugs...3
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phenothiazines, lithium, haloperidol
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What are the actions of Cholinergic Drugs
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stimulate the PSNS by acting like acetylcholine
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What are the uses for Cholinergic drugs
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Glaucoma, Myasthenia Gravis, Urinary retention
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What are the side effects of Cholinergic drugs
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N/V/D, H/A, abdominal cramping, excessive salization, lacrimation, bradycardia, hypotension, bronchoconstriction,
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bethanecol (Urecholine)
neostigmine (Prostigmine) |
Cholinergic drugs used for urinary retention
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edrophonium (Tensilon)
pyridostigmine (Mestinon) |
Cholinergic drugs used for Myasthenia Gravis
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pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine), Pilocar
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Topical Cholinergic drugs used for glaucoma
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What are the nursing implications for Cholinergic drugs and glaucoma
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How to admin the eye drop and to space throughout the day
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What are the nursing implications for Cholinergic drugs and Myasthenia Gravis
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Accurate I/O, Administer before meals and activities, B/P and P, evaluate effectivness, s/s
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What are eh nursing implications for Cholinergic drugs and urinary retention
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Given specifically for inability to urinate, accurate output, check after 5-15 mins after SQ
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What are the actions for Cholinergic Blocking (Anticolinergic agents)
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Inhibit action of acetylcholine and inhibits the PSNS
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What are the uses for Anticholinergic drugs
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Mydriatics (dialate pupils) for eye doc, peptic ulcers, Preoperative mediation, Motion sickness, parkinson's disease
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What are the side effects of Anticholinergic drugs
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dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, blurred vision, photophobia, constipation, drowsiness, confusion, urinary retention
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atropine, scopolamine transdermal patch, glycopyrolate (Robinul)
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Anticholinergic drugs
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What are the nursing implications for Anticholinergic drugs
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Good mouth care, Saftey precautions, FF and fiber, check for urinary retention, wear sunglasses because of photophobia
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Sedative
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produces relaxation
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Hypnotic
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induces sleep... Sleeper
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What is the physiological actions of barbiturates
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CNS depression via inhibitory effect on nerve impulses
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How do pt. respond to barbiturates
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decreased perception of stimuli, Decrease REM sleep, Slows GI motility, Large doses will depress RR
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What are the common side effects of barbiturates
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Drowsiness, hypersensitivity, paradoxiacal reactions, decreased RR, B/P
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What are barbiturates used for
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Antianxiety/sleeper, anticonvulsant (epilepsy and seizures), augment anesthesia
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Short acting barbiturates
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pentothal- ultra short acting (truth serium)
pentobarbitol (Nembutal) secobarbitol (Seconal) |
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Long acting barbiturates (seizures)
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Phenobarbital
mephobarbitol (Mebaral) |
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What are the nursing implications for barbiturates
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discontinue gradually, safety percautions, care of other CNS depressants, dependence, encourage alternatives to induce sleep
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What are the actions of Nonbarbitureates
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CNS depression, provide claming effect
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What are the uses of nonbarbitureates
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hypnotic, preoperative medication, sedative/tranquilizer
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What are the side effects of nonbarbitureates
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vertigo, dizziness, oversedation,
excitement, dependence, overdose |
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benzodiazepines (nonbarbitureates)
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flurazepam (Dalmane)
tamazepam (Restoril) triazolam (Halcion) midazolam (Versed) alprazolam (Xanax) |
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nonbenzodiazepines (nonbarbitureates)
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chloral hydrate (Noctec)
glulethmide (Doriden) zolpidem (Ambien) |
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What are the nursing implications for nonbarbitureates
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Orthostatic hypotension, withdraw slowly, contraindicated w/pregnancy and breast feeding
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What are the actions of anticonvulsants
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reduce seizure activity by reducing excitability of neurons
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What are the nursing implications for the use of Hydantoins for seizures
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poorly absorbed IM- so give PO or IV, may develop anemia, hypertophy of gums, w/no sedation
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Hydantoins
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phenytoin (Dilantin)
mephenytoin (Mestantoin) |
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Benzodiapepines for seizures
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diazepam (Valium)
chorazepam (Tranzene) clonazepam (Klongopin) |
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Other antiseizure menications for long-term control
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valporic acid(Depakene, Depakote)
gabapentin (Neurontin) |
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What are the nursing implications for anticonvulsants
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Do not discontinue suddenly- medical monitoring and lab tests, medi-alert tag, restrictions of activities, Good oral hygiene and dental care
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What is the action of Dopaminergic agents as a Antiparkinsonian
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Invrease the amount or potentiate action of dopamine
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What are the side effects of dopaminergic agents as a antiparkinsonian
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orthostatic hyptenstion, cardiac dysrrhythmias, N/V/A, mental confusion,
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What are the most serious side effects for dopaminergic agents as a antiparkinsonian
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dystonic movements- muscle spasm, choreiform movements- muscle twitching (face/limbs)
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What are the dopaminergic agents as a antiparkinsonian
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levodopa (Dopar)
carbidopa-levodpa (Sinemet) amantadine (Symmetrel) |
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What are the nursing implications for dopaminergic agents as an antiparkinsonian
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Educate about dietary restictions, monitor side effects and B/P and P, saftey issures
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What are the dietary restrictions for dopaminergic agents for antiparkinsonians
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avoid B6, take w/fruit juice and low protein foods, avoid alcohol
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What are the actions for MAO-B inhibitors as an antiparkinsonian
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decrease MAO-B from catabolizing dopamine and there for increase dopamine
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What are the side effects for MAO-B inhibitors as an antiparkinsonian
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mild nausea, lightheadedness, insomnia and confusion
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MAO-B inhibitor
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selegiline (Eldepryl)
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What are the nursing implications for MAO-B inhibitors
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evaluate for effectiveness, teach safety with lightheadedness, coffe/tea may help with sleepiness
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What are the actions of anticholinergic agents as an antiparkininsons
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inhibit PSNS, antispasmodic (Tremors), decreases drooling and depression
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What do pt. use for antiparkinsions when they cant tolerate dopamine agents or when they are not effective
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Anticholinergic agents
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trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
benztopine (Cogentin) |
Anticholinergic agents for antiparkinsions
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What are the side effects of anticholinergic agents used for antiparkinsions
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dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, drowsiness, confusion, urinary retention
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What are the nursing implications for anticholinergic agents used for antiparkinsion
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Bowel plan, teach about dry mouth, best at bedtime
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What are the actions of antianxiety agents
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affect the CNS (Limbic system)
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What are the uses for antianxiety agents
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relieve anxiety and nervousness, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, alcohol withdrawl
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What are the side effects for antianxiety agents
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drowsiness, visual disturbances, dry mouth and constipation, dependence
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chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
diazepam (Valium) alprazolam (Xanax) lorazepam (Ativan) oxazepam (Serax) |
Antianxiety drugs
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What are the nursing implications for antianxiety agents
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do not stop abruptly, hypotension, driving and activities, no ETOH, mouth care
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What are the classes of antidepressants
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Trycyclics, SSRIs, monocyclic, MAO inhibitors
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What are the actions of antidepressants
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stimulates the CNS by increasing epinephrine and serotonin
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What are the actions of trycyclics
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block uptake of epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin Increases concentration levels in the synapse
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What are the side effects of trycyclics
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orthostatic hypotension, parkinsonian symptoms, dysrhythmias, tachycrdia
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amitriptyline (Elavil)
doepin (Sinequan) |
trycyclics
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What are the actions of MAO inhibitors
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block enzyme that break down norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
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What are the side effects of MAO inhibitors
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orthostatic hypotension, urinary retention, blurred vision
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What are the foods that contain tyramine and should be avoided with the use of MAO inhibitors
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Cheese, beer, red wine, yogurt, cream, coffee, chocolate, figs, raisins, soy sauce
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isocarboxazid (Marplan)
phenelzine (Nardil) |
MAO inhibitors
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What are the actions of SSRIs
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inhibit uptake/destruction of serotonin
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What are the side effects for SSRIs
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N/V, weight loss, nervousness, anxiety, insomnia
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fluoxetine (Prozac)
parexetine (Paxil) sertraline (Zoloft) |
SSRIs
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What is the actions for monocyclic
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a weaker inbibitor of serotonin uptake
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What are the actions of antipsychotic agents
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alterations in release of neurotransmitter, dopamine
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What are the uses for antipsychotic agents
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bipolor, psychotic problems schizophrenia
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What are the side effects for antipsychotics
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sedation, photophobia, dry mouth, hypotension, H/A
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What are the side effects for lithium
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N/V, metallic taste, thirst, polyuria, liver and kidney toxicity
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What is extapyramidal effect
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affects body posture and smooth body movements, parkinson like symptoms
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akathesia
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restlessness
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dystonia
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facial grimacing
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tardive dyskinesia
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involuntary movements of the tongue, face, mouth and jaw, smacking noise, difficulty swallowing and chewing
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Phnothiazines for antipsychoics
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chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
habperidol (Haldol) thoridazine (Mellaril) |
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What are the nursing implications for antipsycotics
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assess and report extrapyramidal effects immediately, avoid sun, FF
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What are the actions for antimetic
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inhibits chemorecptors that trigger vomiting center
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What are the actions of antivertigo agents
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inhibits receptors in the inner ear to decrease dizziness
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What are the uses for antimetics
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post op, motion sickness, N/V pregnancy
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transdermal scopolamine
dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) meclizine (Antivert) |
Antiverigo agents
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ondansetron (Zofran)
prochlorperazine (Compazine) hydroxyzine (Vistaril) |
antimetic/ antinausea
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What are the nursing implications for antimetic and antivertigo agents
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Caution with drowsiness, I/O and dehydration s/s
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