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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hyperechoic to hypoechoic structures
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renal sinus-pancreas-liver-spleen-renal cortex
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What is Glisson's capsule?
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A thin connective tissue layer that covers the liver. It surrounds the entire liver and is thickest around the porta hepatis
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Peritoneal folds that contain the porta hepatis, the proper hepatic artery, and the common bile duct
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Hepatoduodenal Ligament
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Connects the umbilical vein to teh liver during fetal development
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Falciform Ligament
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Formed by the right layer of the falciform ligament
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Coronary Ligament
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Formed by the left layer of the falciform ligament
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Left Triangular Ligament
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The most lateral portion of the coronary ligament
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Right Triangular Ligament
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The terminal branches of the portal vein and their accompanying hepatic arterioles and bile ducts
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Acinus
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Reidel's Lobe
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tongue like extension from inferior tip of the right lobe
-found in asthenic women |
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Diffuse Hepatocellular Disease
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Any disease that interferes with liver function and hepatocytes
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Diffuse Fatty infiltration
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Accumulation of triglycerides in the hepatocytes
-acquired, reversible -Obesity, alcohol, malnutrition -Hyperechoic liver |
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Focal Fatty Infiltration
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Regions of fat (hyperechoic)in a normal liver
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Focal Fatty Sparing
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Islands of normal looking hyperechoic masses within a dense fatty liver
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Acute Hepatitis
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Less than 3 months, hypoechoic w/ bright portal walls "starry night"
-enlarged liver and spleen -thick gallbladder walls |
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Chronic Hepatitis
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3-6 months
Viral, metabolic, autoimmune, drugs Hyperechoic liver, can't see portals |
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Lab values for acute and chronic hepatitis
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Increased ALT, AST, bilirubin
Decreased leukocytes |
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Cirrhosis
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Chronic and progressive disease w/ liver cell failure
Alcohol, malnutrition, hepatitis Malaise, weight loss, jaundice, portal hypertension, ascites |
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Lab values for cirrhosis
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Increased ALT, AST, alkaline phosphates, direct bilirubin
Decreased leukocytes |
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Glycogen Storage Disease
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Von Gierkes-most commmon
Large amounts of glycogen are deposited in the liver and kidneys Looks like DFF, hyperechoic |
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Hemochromatosis
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High iron deposits
Can lead to portal hypertension and cirrhosis Enlarged liver |
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Diaphragmatic Slips
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Invaginations of the dome of the diaphragm that are a cause of pseudomasses on US
-scan in long and trans |
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True Accessory Fissures
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Uncommon, caused by infolding of the peritoneum
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Surgical portosystemic shunts
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used to decompress the portal system in pts with portal hypertension
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TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts)
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Shunt decompresses the portal system and allows the blood flow to be re-routed
Eliminates collaterals |
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TIPS may be compromised if:
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Velocity less than 50 cm/sec
Velocity change of 50 cm/sec up or down from baseline LPV and RPV show hepatopedal flow MPV shows hepatofugal flow |
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Hepatopedal flow
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towards the liver
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Hepatofugal flow
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away from the liver
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