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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
五經正義
"Correct Significance of the Five Classics" |
Compiled by 孔穎達(574-648), scholarship on the Classics, completed under 太宗's reign (first half of 7th century)
- brought together Northern & Southern scholarship - became exam material in 高宗's reign |
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孔穎達
Kong Yingda |
late 500s - mid 600s (574-648)
- Northern scholar on the Classics; compiler of 五经正义 - Served Sui (as boshi) then Tang, brought together Wei & Jin's different schools of Classics studies, esp. that of Zheng Xuan and Wang Su |
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陸德明
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mid 500s - 600s (ca. 550-630)
- Southern scholar, author of 經典釋文 - Served Chen, Sui, and Tang (as taixue boshi) |
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經典釋文
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- Written by 陸德明, a definitive work of glossary on the pronunciation and meaning of words in the Classics
- Important, along with the Qieyun, in reconstructing Middle Chinese |
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文館詞林
wenguan cilin |
Presented in 657 to 高宗
- Compiled by 许敬宗 Xu Jingzong (Empress Wu's kiss-up); collection of 1000 juan, of Northern and Southern manuscripts (both prose & poetry) - Lost in China, surfaced in Japan |
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魏徵
Wei Zheng |
late 6th - mid 7th cent. (580-643)
- Most famous prose writer and minister of Taizong’s court - Known for his direct remonstrances to Taizong, as the fearless minister - Wrote preface to Sui shu, also part of Liang shu and Chen shu |
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貞觀政要
[no asterisk] |
Compiled by historian 吳兢 (670-749) during 開元 (713-741), presented to 玄宗
- Collection of dialogues between 太宗 and his ministers during 貞觀 (627-649), including Wei Zheng, Kong Yingda, etc. - Taken as model of governance, celebrated Taizong as a hero and the "direct remonstrances" of his fearless ministers: but also a kind of political theater |
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醉鄉記
[no asterisk] |
- author: 王積
- most distinctive surviving prose from Taizong's reign, also probably the only surviving standard anthology piece - content: analyzes why Ruan Ji and Tao Qian were inebriated all the time. - Wang Ji also wrote: 無心子傳,五斗先生傳, 遊北山賦 - all very much a la style of Tao |
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初唐四傑
Chu Tang si jie |
- mid 7th cent, during Gaozong's reign, "Four Talents:" 王勃 Wang Bo, 駱賓王 Luo Binwang, 楊炯 Yang Jiong,盧照鄰 Lu Zhaolin
- first writers in many centuries who did not belong to a court literary world (except Yang Jiong) - created realm of 'literary achievement' for the politically unsuccessful |
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王勃
Wang Bo |
(647-675) one of the 初唐四傑
- grand nephew from Wang Ji of the Taiyuan Wang "great clan," but in the style of Southern Dynasties - died young (27), exiled in Sichuan - rhetorical master; e.g. outdid all previous So. Dynasties Cailian fu - wrote Tengwang ge xu |
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滕王閣序
Tengwang ge xu |
Wang Bo's one anthology piece
- immensely appealing conjunction of the nostalgic meditation on the past and polished parallel prose |
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盧照鄰
Lu Zhaolin |
(637-689), has some finest writing of the 初唐四傑
- wrote 病梨樹賦 (a la Yu Xin's 枯樹賦), 窮魚賦, 五悲 and 釋疾文 - most notable for his quasi-Sao poems, written in either psychological or physical torment - was in prison once, allegedly committed suicide |
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駱賓王
Luo Binwang |
(630?-684?), the only Southerner among the 初唐四傑
- served in armies, participated in the rebellion of 徐敬業 against the rule of Empress Wu - 蕩子從軍賦: conventions of frontier poetry, mixing 7-syllable lines w/ fu |
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楊炯
Yang Jiong |
(650-695?), least interesting of the 初唐四傑
- had personal encomium 自贊 and an elaborate fu on the armillary sphere 渾天賦 - the only one among the 4 who died a natural death |
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玄奘
Xuanzang |
(602-664) famous Buddhist monk; biography called Ci’en zhuan 慈恩傳 published in 688; himself wrote Da Tang xiyu ji 大唐西域記 (contemporary geography)
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慈恩傳
Ci'en Zhuan |
full name: 大唐大慈恩寺三藏法師傳
- a 10-juan hagiography of 玄奘 Xuanzang, done first by disciples 慧立 (in 664) then 彥悰 (in 688) - has richness of detail never found in elite literature |
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大唐西域記
Da Tang Xiyuji |
- 12 juan, written by 玄奘 Xuanzang (602-664), detailing his trip to India
- most important works of contemporary geography |
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李善
Li Shan |
d. 689
- presented commentary to 文选 to 高宗 in 658 - exemplified early Tang idea of 文: cosmic origin/nature of 文 - shared general belief that the sagely making of 文 began as simple and became increasingly ornate |
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陳子昂
Chen Zi'ang |
(658?-699?)
- From Sichuan, founding figure/early restorer of antiquity in re poetry(in his 修竹篇序 urged to imitate Han & Wei) - "direct remonstrances," support of Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty |
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韓愈
Han Yu |
(768-824)
- restored an imagined antiquity using "old style" prose - in his 答李翊書 famously argued for internalizing antiquity through continual study until it comes force naturally |
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送孟東野序
[no asterisk] |
- written by 韓愈
- extreme involuntarist position of the nature of poetry: poetry = natural outcome of inner turbulence |
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柳宗元
Liu Zongyuang |
(773-819)
- claimed that literature is “to make the Way manifest,” ming Dao 明道 |
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杜牧
Du Mu |
(803-852)
Poet, revived Fan Ye's military model of hierarchy in literature: disjunction between idea and expression (意為主,氣為輔) |
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明道
[no asterisk] |
"literature is to make the way manifest" - Liu Zongyuan
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文以載道
[not asterisked] |
"Literature is to carry the Way" - Northern Song notion that literature is insubordinate to idea
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李商隱
Li Shangyin |
(813-858)
- the generation after Han Yu, claimed Way can be found within oneself, not just antiquity |
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武曌
Wu Zhao |
(624-705)
Wu Zetian, r. 690-705 (655 made queen) - "literary ruler," commissioned many compilation projects. Reign saw heavy censorship - big sponsor of Buddhism |
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文苑英華
Wenyuan yinghua |
(compiled 982-986)
Song anthology compiled under Taizong, headed by 李昉 - picks up where Wenxuan left off (Liang - Five Dynasties) |
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宋之問
Song Zhiwen |
(c. 656 - 712)
"Courtier" - considered as the best poet by his contemporaries within court circle |
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上官儀
Shangguan Yi |
(c.607 - 664)
Served Gaozong and Empress Wu, became 宰相. - Killed by Empress Wu when she came to power; grandfather of Shangguan Wan'er |
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道宣
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Expansion of the Propagation of the Light (Guang hongming ji 廣弘明集) (Daoxuan)- 7th century Buddhist anthology; preserves the preface to Ruan Xiaoxu’s Qi lu.
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廣弘明集
guang hongming ji |
Buddhist anthology compiled by 道宣, continues 弘明集
- incl. 3rd - 7th century writings |
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法苑珠林
|
compiled in 668 by monk 道世
Buddhist encyclopedia of stories, important source for pre-Tang Buddhist literature |
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道世
|
d. 683
Compiler of 法苑珠林, Buddhist encyclopedia of stories |
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劉知幾
Liu Zhiji |
(661-721)
- Prominent scholar and historian in Empress Wu's court - Author of 史通 (710) |
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史通
Shitong |
Compiled in 710 by 劉知幾 Liu Zhiji (661-721)
- Large work on historiography modeled on Wenxin diaolong |
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徐堅
Xu Jian |
(659-729)
- Compiler of 初學記 |
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初學記
Chuxue ji |
Compiled in 727 by 徐堅 Xu Jian
Pedagogical work commissioned by Xuanzong for educating young princes |
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張鷟
Zhang Zhuo |
Prominent in Empress Wu's court (mid-late 7th cent.)
Author of 游仙窟 and 朝野僉載, anecdotal collection reconstituted from Taiping guangji - Master of parallel prose, esp. known for his 判文 |
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判文
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Most famous collection: 龍筋鳳髓判
- Genre in early Tang: presents case put forth for judgment written in condense parallel prose - representative: 張鷟 Zhang Zhuo |
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吳中四士
|
early 8th century
Four Scholars of Wu: 賀知章, 張旭, 張若虛, 包融. - literati in Jiangnan who became known in the capital (which was heavily dominated by Northerners) |
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上官婉兒
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(664-710)
Shangguan Yi's granddaughter - Poet and secretary of Wu Zetian, concubine of Zhongzong - Powerful court political figure, killed when Zhongzong was murdered - built lots of estate & mansions when court returned to Chang'an |