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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Resources needed to travel
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Money/support from gov’t (come from monarch, expand power and prestige)
Ships and Crew Navigational tools |
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Ships/crew
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-flat bottom boats for being close to England’s coast
→caravel deep hulled to hold supplies -ballast-weight in hull, |
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Navigational tools
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-compass, map, and time,
-astrolabe/sextant -relies on star charts, -make maps- chrotogramers and astrologers |
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three trading empires
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Dutch, Portugal and Spain
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Prince Henry the Navigator-
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-establish with force, wanted resources and territory for Portugal
-hard to get into Africa-malaria, -establish themselves, then leave |
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Vasco de Gama
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-wanted wealth and convert people
-went to India- talked to king first -got riches then India wanted stuff back- had to give them stuff; |
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Dome Francisco
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- all about wealth, food and cotton
-wanted to see king, but wouldn't let them, got ugly -killed lots of people- brutal, cities destroyed |
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Christopher Columbus
acted.... |
- religious, brutal didn’t treat natives well,
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Christopher Columbus' government
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-tell mayor the gold you have
-found some & give to gov -Spanish controlling gold, aside gold for church, |
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Cortez went to...
did... |
-Aztec Empire;
-came at right time; prophesy- natural disasters, gods were going to come back -killed king Montezuma, |
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Pizarro went to...
did... controlled... |
-tricked Inca ruler, got their gold and killed him,
-Controlled central/north/south America= new Spain |
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Dutch Focused on ...
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-commerce
-education in Germany/Netherlands -had over 10,000 ships |
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Dutch built on...
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-spice trade
-1602-Dutch East India Trade Company -joint stock company |
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Joint stock company is...
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-financial needs to make expeditions
-investors gave money to build ships from shares -would give back to investors |
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Joint stock company example of...
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-entrepreneurial capitalism- able to take risks-
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who and when did someone circumnavigate the globe
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-Ferninand
-1521 (knew world wasn’t flat) |
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who went around cape of good hope
why? |
-B. Diaz went around and came back
-did this so they could know where the continent ended |
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Columbian Exchange-
did what... to old world to Europe, etc. |
-gave Agricultural goods, disease, sugar
-Given to old world- wheat, grapes, olives, dogs, sugar -Given to Europe and Africa- corn tomatoes, potatoes (stable crop) |
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staple important crops ...
for whom... not so good for... |
-Corn and sugar
-great change in Africa and Europe -Sugar made Native Americans work |
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Population Loss
what things caused it population decline is... |
-disease, encomienda, war, psych. Problems
-1 million Incas→ 100,000 -25 million Aztecs→ few 100,000 |
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Disease
who got the disease and why? |
-smallpox from Europe- less space in Europe, more contact w/people, practice killing diseases
-Cortez ship had outbreak of smallpox, lived in and spread -Montezuma-king of Aztecs died |
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Encomienda system
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-forced labor, Spaniards right to employ Amerindians
-mines, fields, control over just the work, died very quickly |
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???? Psychological reasons ???
what were they why is that weird? |
-God left them and things weren’t getting better
-killed kids and committed suicide, -doesn’t make sense, thought one with the world and maybe some people did this |
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Zheng He-
did what? rel to emperor interacted with people why stopped exploring? |
-Explored new lands, riches, gave spices in exchange for gold and jewels
-Close to him, Chinese admiral - presented with gift immediately, willingly presented back -Monguls invaded China- destroyed ships, wanted to be isolated |
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Dutch republic
traded what how many ships? |
-trade built on spices and trading/shipping, 10,000 ships, very good at it
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Ceuta
when where why |
-1415
-established city outside of Europe (Portugal) -Christianize Muslims |
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Portuguese Trading
who started where? what things? |
-Gama in India
-spices, ivory, gold, copper |
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Tenochtitlan
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-capital of the Aztec Empire
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Cortes and Pizarro
both did what? |
-used tactics where they split the Aztecs and Incas apart,
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Portuguese Strongholds
where (4) |
-Africa
-India -South america -Brazil |
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Motivations for exploration
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-want to promote religion
-had money to take risks -looking for gold, and spices to bring back |
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Vikings and Turks
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-Turks traveled and had a lot of territory in Asia Minor and east Mediterranean;
-Vikings- Greenland, east n. America |
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Age of Discovery-
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-advanced geo knowledge and tech
- of Mediterranean and SW asia |
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Age of Reconnaissance
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-exploration, physical outline of earth
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Age of Expansion
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-migration, polititical, South/North America, Africa, India, China,
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Forced work vs. slavery
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Forced work- controll over only work, not owned
Slavery- controll over whole life, owned, bought and sold |
