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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What organs are affected in hemochromatosis?
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liver, heart, pancreas, skin (bronze diabetes)
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What neurological sx are seen in Wilson's disease?
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psychosis, dementia
Parkinsonism, hemiballismus incoordination |
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What is the most significant risk factor for intussusception?
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adenovirus infection
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This disease is due to lack of development of Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses in focal regions of the colon.
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Hirschprung's Disease
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What kind of arthritis: wearing of articular cartilage; bone rubs on bone
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osteoarthritis
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What kind of arthritis: synovial membrane proliferation with pannus formation
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rheumatoid arthritis
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What kind of arthritis: palpable osteophytes at interphalangeal joints
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osteoarthritis
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What is Felty's syndrome?
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polyarticular RA +
splenomegaly + neutropenia |
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What is the gene mutation in achondroplasia?
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mutation in fibroblast growth factor receptor gene
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How does estrogen affect bone formation?
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inhibits osteoclasts
enhances osteoblasts |
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What is the term for inadequate bone mineralization?
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osteomalacia
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What is the DOC for prevention of osteoporosis and for tx of diagnosed osteoporois?
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bisphosphanates
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Paget's disease of bone can results in what physical findings?
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frontal bossing
deafness bony pain & pain with nerve compression vertebral compression fractures chalkstick fractures high output cardiac failure |
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What is an osteochondroma?
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a benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage with a cartilaginous cap
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This painful benign bone tumor occurs especially i the extremities of teens and young adults.
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osteoid osteoma
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This malignant bone tumor causes a periosteal reaction that produces layer upon layer of reactive bone. (onion skinning)
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Ewing's Sarcoma
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What causes the pseudo-hypertrophies calves in Duchenne Muscular dystrophy?
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d/t fibrosis adn infiltration of muscle tissue by fatty tissue
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What is the trinucleotide repeat associated with myotonic muscular dystrophy?
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CTG
autosomal dominant dz MC adult muscular dystrophy |
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This neural tube derived brain tumor has hihgly anaplastic cells with increased nuclear density line up along the adges of necrotic regions (pseudopalisading).
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glioblastoma multiforme
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What is the location of an ependymoma that presents in adulthood and childhood?
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kids: 4th ventricle
adults: cauda equina; spinal cord |
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This brain tumor can cause tinnitus and other hearing sx by impinging on the 8th cranial nerve at the cerebellopontine angle.
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Schwannoma
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What brain tumor is serived from vestigial remnants of Rathke's pouch?
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craniopharyngioma
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How does a prolactinoma result in secondary amenorrhea?
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prolactin inhibits GnRH which causes lower levels of FSH and LH
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What CNS tumor is associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease?
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hemangioblastoma
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This CNS degenerative dz is associated with diffuse significant cortical atrophy.
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Alzheimer's
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What are senile plaques?
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silateed, tortuous neuritic processes containing amyloid beta protein in spheres
found in Alzheimer's dz |
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What is usually the first sign of Parkinson's dz?
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loss of or diminished sense of smell
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What is ALS?
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degneration of upper and lower motor neurons (corticospinal tracts and anterior horn cells)
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What trinucleotide repeat is associated with Huntington's dz?
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CAG
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Friedrich's atazia involves chromosome 9 with a trinucleotide repeat of GAA leading to a deficiency in what?
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frataxin
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What is the 2nd most common form of dementia?
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multi-infarct dementia
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What is Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome?
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LMN dz in children
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