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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the unmodifiable risk factors for cardiovasular disease
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Family history, Age, Gender
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What are the modifiable risk factors for cardiovasular disease
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Cholesterol, obesity, smoking, lack of exercise, uncontrolled diabetes, contraceptives, stress
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What are some indications of cardiovasular disease when looking at skin
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Color, check nailbeds, capillary refill
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How does a nurse asses Heart Rate w/pt. with potential cardiovascular disease
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Check the Apical/radial pulse, if there is a pulse deficit, quality/lack of, pulse in extremeties
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How does a nurse asses respirations w/pt. with potential cardiovascular disease
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Note the rate, depth, and description, and dyspnea may indicate pulmonary congestion
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How does a nurse asses blood pressure with a pt. w/possible cardiovascular disease
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lying, sitting and standing 2mins apart, bilaterally, check for increase at same time everyday over three days
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How does a nurse asses a pt. for pain w/possible cardiovascular disease
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Ask: type, location, duration, intensity, and discription. Ask what pt. was doing durring time of pain and radiation
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How does a nurse asses edema of a pt. w/possible cardiovascular disease
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Location of the edema (feet, fingers, face), is it normal, severity, when it occurs
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How does a nurse asses a pt's mental status and what may it indicate
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Lack of O2 could cause a pt. to become anxious, confusion with lack of O2.
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What are the lab tests for a pt. with cardiovascular disease
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CBC, Prothrombin time, cardiac enzymes, cholesterol, blood cultures,
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What is a major enzyme that may indicated a MI
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Troponin
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What is the normal numbers for HDL, LDL, VLDL
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HDL>35 mg/dL
LDL<135 mg/dL VLDL 50-150 mg/dL |
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What are some non-Invasive cardiovasular testing
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X-ray, EKG, Exercise stress test, Echocardiogram, ambulatory EKG
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What does the x-ray indicate
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size,shape, contour, and location of heart, bacterial infection
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What does an EKG indicate
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Electrical activity: rate, rhythm, conduction problems
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What may a exercise stress test indicate
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cardiac action during exercise, cold spots if taken with Thallium
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What may an Echocardiogram indicate
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size, shape and motion of cardiac structures. Also indicate left ventricle,CHF, pericardial effusions, murmurs abnormal flow
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What may an Ambulatory EKG (halter monitor) indicate
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Heart activity over a 24hr period but need activity log with it
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What are some invasive dx testing for cardiac patients
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Cardiac catheterization and Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressures
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How does cardiac catherization work
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catheter threaded through vessel to heart to allow visualization or blood sampling; rt side vein lt side artery
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What are the nursing implications for a pt. with cardiac catherization
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Check v.s frequently, hematoma, pressure and ice, bedrest
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What does a CVP (central venous prssure test indicate
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monitors venous pressure, CHF, by way of a catheter into the subclavian vein into the right atrium
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What does a Pulmonary artey wedge pressure test
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A catheter is threaded into the pumonary artery to measure the left ventricular function during diastole
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