101 Safety Fundamentals

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1st concept of ORM

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a decision making tool used by people at all levels to increase operational effectiveness by anticipating hazards and reducing the potential for loss, thereby increasing hte probability of a successful mission

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2nd concept of ORM

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increases our ability to make informed decisions by providing the best baseline of knowledge and experience available

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3rd concept of ORM

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minimizes risks to acceptable levels, commensurate with mission accomplishment. The amount of risk we will take in war is much greater than that we should be willing to take in peace, but the process is the same. Apply the ORM process will reduce mishaps, lower costs, and provide for more efficient use of resources

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Hazard

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A condition with the potential to cause personal injury or death, property damage, or mission degradation

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Risk

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an expression of possible loss in terms of severity and probability

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Risk assessment

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the process of detecting hazards and assessing associated risks

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The first step of the 5 step ORM process

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Identify Hazards

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Identify Hazards

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Begin with an outline or chart of the major steps in the operation (operational analysis) and then conduct a preliminary hazard analysis by listing the hazards associated with each step

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The second step of the 5 step ORM process

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Assess Hazards

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Assess Hazards

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For each hazard identified, dtermine the associated degree of risk in terms of probability and severity

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The third step of the 5 step ORM process

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Make Risk Decisions

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Make Risk Decisions

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Develop risk control options, starting with the most serious and select controls that will reduce the risk to a minimum consistent with mission accomplishment. If risk outweighs the benefit, or you need assistance in implementing controls, communicate with the higher authority

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The fourth step in the 5 step ORM process

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Implement Controls

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Implement Controls

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Measures that can be used to eliminate hazards or reduce the degree of risk

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The fifth step in the 5 step ORM process

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Supervise

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Supervise

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Conduct follow-up evaluations of the controls to ensure they remain in place and have the desired effect. Monitor for changes, which may require further ORM. Take corrective actions when necessary

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The four principles of ORM

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Accept risk when benefits outweigh the cost, accept no unnecessary risk, anticipate and manage risk by planning, and make risk decisions at the right level

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Accept risk when benefits outweigh the cost

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The goal of ORM is not to eliminate risk, but to manage the risk so that the mission can be accomplished with the minimum amount of loss

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Accept no unnecessary risk

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Acceptance of risk does not equate to the imprudent willingness to gamble. Take only risks which are necessary to accomplish the mission

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Anticipate and manage risk by planning

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Risks are more easily controlled when they are identified early in the planning process

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Make risk decisions at the right level.

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Risk management decisions are made by the leader directly responsible for the operation. If risk cannot be controlled at his or her level, or goes beyond the commander's intent, he/she elevates the decision to their chain of command.

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Head protection

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Safety helmets protect against impact, penetration, and electric shock. Head-hazardous areas are designated where there is reasonable possibility of head injury caused by cuts, bumps, falling or flying objects, and from limited electric shock and burns

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Hearing protection

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Worn in areas where operations generate noise levels of greather than 84 dBA (8 hour TWA) sound level, 140 dB peak sound pressure level or greather. Double hearing protection is worn when noise levels exceed 104 dBA (8 hour TWA) sound level

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Foot protection

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Boots, stupid. Wear your boots

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Eye Protection

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Don't wanna go blind!

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Hazardous material

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any material, because of its quanitity, concentration, or physical or chemical characterisitics, may pose a substantial hazard to human health or the environment when incorrectly used, purposefully released or accidentally spilled.

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Hazardous waste

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A discarded material (liquid, solid, or gas) which meets the definition of HM and/or is designated as a hazardous waste by the EPA or state authority

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MSDS

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technical bulletins containing the information about materials such as composition, chemica;, and physical characterisitics, health and safety hazards, and precautions for safe handling and use.