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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Triage:
-Sudden onset of pain occurred after some unguarded movement or injury -Lessened by rest aggravated by activity |
MECHANICAL
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Triage:
-Boggy swelling, warmth, and tenderness of joint, frequently symmetric -Pain relieved with activity, activated by rest -Morning stiffness last longer than 30 minutes -Synovitis -Systemic disease common |
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION
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Triage:
-Localised boggy swelling, warmth and redness of joint -Local morning or rest stiffness longer than 30 mins - night pain |
LOCAL INFLAMMATORY
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Triage:
- Swelling (bony) -Morning stiffness lasts less than 30 mins -Aggravation with activity, relieved with rest -Weakness and tightness of muscles crossing involved joints -Varus deformity (inward bending) |
DEGENERATIVE
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-Very painful, red, hot, swollen joint
-Loss of ROM -No systemic sign or symptoms -Joint destruction may be severe |
CRYSTAL DEPOSITION JOINT DISEASE
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-Pain, weakness, sensory loss, reflex loss, and paraesthesia in the dermatomal/myotomal distribution of the affected nerve
-Streching the nerve may increase pain - Tapping over the nerve may result in distal tingling (Tinel sign) |
NERVE COMPRESSION
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Triage:
- Unremitting pain - Often wakes patient from sleep -No comfortable position to relieve pain -Fever, weight loss and fatigue |
NEOPLASM
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Triage:
-Red, hot swollen joint -Very painful -Fever and fatigue -Loss of joint ROM |
SEPTIC ARTHRITIS (INFECTION)
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Organ pain referral to the shoulder?
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Left - left diaphragm
Right - right diaphragm, duodenum and gallbladder |
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Organ pain referral to the lower abdomen and upper thighs?
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Bladder
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Organ pain referral to sternum and left upper thorax?
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Oesophagus
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Organ pian referral to base of neck, left jaw and left shoulder and arm?
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Heart
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Pain referral to the right shoulder?
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Liver
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Pain referral to the lower left quadrant?
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Umbilicus, lumbar
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What 8 things should be focused on in a history of the patients pain?
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Site, Onset, Aggravating and Relieving Factors, Quality of Pian, Radiation, Time relationships, Related signs and symptoms
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What are red flags?
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Clinical features that may alert the clinicain to the prescence of serious but relatively uncommon conditions or diseases requiring urgent evaluation such as tumours, infection, fractures and neurological damage.
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What are yellow flags?
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Psychosocail and occupational factors that may increase the risk of chronicity in people presenting with lower back pain.
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What is crepitus?
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A coarse gratig crepitus palapable with the hand placed over the joint surface indicate articular cartilage degenration.
Fine crepitus- synovial thickening Coarse crepitus -subluxation or instability |
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What is a sprain?
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stretching/tearing of ligaments
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What is a strain?
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stretching/tearing of muscle/ligaments
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Triage for sprain and strain?
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Tenderness to palpation with pain on resisted movement and pain with passive streching.
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Types of strain?
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First degree - tenedr without swelling, mild spasm, active contraction and passive strech are painful
Second degree - Tender with swelling, mild to moder ecchymosis, moderate spasm, extremely painful with passive streching and attempted contraction Third degree - Extreme tenderness with swelling, severe bleeding and possible compartment syndrome, complete loss of muscle function |
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Types of sprain?
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First degree - tenedr with minimal or no swelling, minimal ecchymosis, increase in pain with passive and active ROM
Second degree - Very tender, moderate swelling with echymosis, ROM very painful and restricted due to swelling Third degree - possibly less painful than third degree tear, severe swelling and ecchymois or haemarthrosis, structural instbality with abnormal increase in ROM |
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Causes of bursitis?
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-repetitive microtrauma
-extenson of inflammation -crystalline deposition diseases -infection |
