1 Nurs 3420 - Cardiovascular/peripheral Vascular System

Front 1

According to AHA, _/5 people have some form of CVD.

Back 1

1/5

Front 2

dyspnea after lying down for several hours

Back 2

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Front 3

What are the seven serum markers of myocardial damage?

Back 3

- Troponin (T and I)
- Creatine kinase (CK)-MB
- Myoglobin
- Serum lipids (Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDLs, LDLs, HDL /LDL ratio)
- Homocysteine
- C-reactive protein (hsCRP)
- Blood coagulation tests (PT,PTT,INR)

Front 4

Invasive system used in critical care areas to provide quantitative information about vascular capacity, blood volume, pump effectiveness, and tissue perfusion

Back 4

Hemodynamic monitoring

Front 5

Disorder involving the stasis of blood in the lower extremities as a result of obstruction and reflex of venous valves-causing blood to collect and stagnate in lower legs

Back 5

Venous Insufficiency

Front 6

Disorder resulting from prolonged venous hypertension which stretches the vein and damages the valves

Back 6

Venous Insufficiency

Front 7

What is the classic sign of Chronic Venous Insufficiency?

Back 7

Tan or copper skin

Front 8

a special gauze (usually 4 inches wide and 10 yards long) bandage, which can be used for the treatment of venous stasis ulcers and other venous insufficiencies of the leg. It can also be used as a supportive bandage for sprains and strains of the foot, ankle and lower leg

Back 8

Unna boot

Front 9

What are the three points to Virchow's triad?

Back 9

- Stasis of blood
- Vessel damage
- Increased blood coagulability

Front 10

The formation of a blood clot on the wall of a vein. Inflammation and obstruction of venous flow often accompany a venous thrombosis which forms in deep veins or superficial veins.

Back 10

Thrombophlebitis

Front 11

What is the most common symptom of DVT?

Back 11

Calf pain with walking (however Homan's sign unreliable indicator)

Front 12

What test measures blood flow through veins?

Back 12

Plethysomography

Front 13

What thrombolytic drug uses tissue plasminogen activator to accelerate clot lysis?

Back 13

streptokinase

Front 14

What is inflammatory disease of the peripheral arteries accompanied by thrombi, inflammation, and vasospasm of arterial segments affecting men under 40 who smoke.

Back 14

Buerger's disease (also known as thromboangiitis obliterans)

Front 15

What is persistently elevated systemic blood pressure with no known cause?

Back 15

essential hypertension

Front 16

What is the first choice drug in single drug therapy for client's with hypertension?

Back 16

diuretics

Front 17

What drugs interfere with aldosterone - to decrease blood volume and decrease vasoconstriction - used initially for patients who are diabetic, have heart failure, or history of MI

Back 17

ACE Inhibitors

Front 18

Lotensin, Capoten, Vasotec, and Monopril are examples of what hypertensive medication?

Back 18

ACE Inhibitors

Front 19

What drug prevents beta-receptor stimulation in the heart by decreasing heart rate, cardiac output, and contractibility

Back 19

Beta blockers

Front 20

Tenorim, Lopressor, Corgard, Inderal, Propanolol are examples of what hypertensive medication?

Back 20

Beta blockers

Front 21

What medication decreases vasomotor tone to cause vasodilation and thus reduces blood pressure?

Back 21

Alpha blockers

Front 22

Cardura, Minipres, and Hytrin are examples of what hypertensive medication?

Back 22

Alpha blockers

Front 23

What medication inhibits the flow of calcium ions across the cell membrane of vascular tissue and cardiac cells causing vasodilation?

Back 23

Calcium channel blockers

Front 24

Norvasc, and Cardizem are examples of what hypertensive medication?

Back 24

Calcium channel blockers

Front 25

Arterial aneurysms are most common in men in what age group?

Back 25

men over 50

Front 26

What is the sudden obstruction by debris (thrombus, plaque, masses of bacteria, bone marrow fat, cancer cells) of an artery?

Back 26

Acute Arterial embolism

Front 27

What is the chronic disease of the arterial system characterized by abnormal thickening and hardening of the vessel walls?

Back 27

Arteriosclerosis

Front 28

What is a form of arteriosclerosis in which deposits of fat & fibrin obstruct & harden arterial vessels?

Back 28

Atherosclerosis

Front 29

What is the slow, progressive obstruction and hardening of arterial vessels that impairs circulation and decreases blood supply to peripheral tissues?

Back 29

Peripheral Atherosclerosis (also PVD)

Front 30

What disease usually affects people in their 60's and 70's, men, diabetes, elevated cholesterol, smoking.

Back 30

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Front 31

What is the term for muscle pain in the legs that occurs with a predictable level of activity, relieved with rest.

Back 31

Intermittent claudication

Front 32

PTCA stands for what revascularization treatment?

Back 32

Percutaneous Transluminary Coronary Angioplasty

Front 33

What disease is characterized by episodes of intense vasospasm in the small arteries and arterioles of the fingers and less commonly the toes.

Back 33

Raynaud's Disease

Front 34

What test is used to test blood supply to the hand, performed prior to radial arterial blood sampling or cannulation?

Back 34

Allen's test

Front 35

What is the fraction of blood pumped out of a ventricle with each heart beat?

Back 35

Ejection fraction

Front 36

What is the term for the pressure stretching the ventricle of the heart, after passive filling and atrial contraction?

Back 36

preload

Front 37

What is the term for the tension produced by a chamber of the heart in order to contract?

Back 37

afterload

Front 38

What law states that the more the ventricle is filled with blood during diastole (end-diastolic volume), the greater the volume of ejected blood will be during the resulting systolic contraction (stroke volume)?

Back 38

Starling's Law