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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sociology is the science or discipline that studies what? |
Societies, social groups, relationships between people |
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What is sociology NOT focused on? |
The individual (this is what psychology is focused on) |
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What is the humanistic approach to sociology? |
Using sociology as a means to advance human welfare |
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Seeking self-realization, the full development of a cultivated personality, or improvement of the social condition is considered what approach to sociology? |
Humanistic |
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What is the scientific perspective of sociology? |
Acquiring objective empirical knowledge (experiences or observations that can be measured or counted) |
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Belief that one must be concerned with "what is" and not with "What should be" is what approach to sociology? |
Scientific |
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Is it possible to integrate both humanistic and scientific perspectives in sociology? |
Yes - or at least some sociologists attempt to |
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What is known as the quality of mind required to understand ourselves in relation to society?
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Sociological imagination |
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Expanding the role of freedom, choice, and conscious decision in history, is the aim of what? |
The quality of mind known as the "sociological imagination" |
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The sociological imagination expresses which aspect of the sociological perspective? |
Humanistic aspect |
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Who do we attribute the idea of the "sociological imagination" to? |
C. Wright Mills |
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What is one of the main differences between sociology and the other natural sciences? |
Its explanations cannot be precise enough to express universal laws that are applicable to any thing or event under all circumstances |
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What is the defining difference between sociology and the other social sciences? |
The "social"
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Who coined the term sociology? In what year? |
Auguste Comte 1838 |
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What did Auguste Comte say are the three stages of every science? |
Theological stage Metaphysical stage Positive stage |
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In what stage of development do scientists look to the supernatural realm for explanations of what they observed? |
Theological stage |
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In what stage of development do scientists look to the real world for explanations of what they have observed? |
Metaphysical stage |
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In what stage of development do scientists search for general ideas or laws? |
Positive stage |
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What can be said about Comte and his ideas about a science of society? |
He was ahead of his time |
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What influence did Lester War and William Graham have on the general interest of American sociology? |
Began to concentrate on narrower and more specific social problems |
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Where did George Herbert Mead originate the field of social psychology? |
University of Chicago |
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What areas did Robert Park and Ernest Burgess focus on in the 20th century? |
The city, and social problems such as crime, drug addiction, prostitution, and juvenile delinquency |
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Who was the first to advocate grand theory? |
Talcott Parsons |
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What concept of society does grand theory form? |
As a stable system of interrelated parts |
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Which viewpoint/concern has dominated the thinking of sociologists since the 1970s? |
None |
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What theory proceeds from concrete observations to the inference of general conclusions? |
Inductive theory |
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What theory proceeds from general ideas, knowledge, or understanding to specific hypotheses? |
Deductive theory |
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What approach includes the perspectives of symbolic interaction, dramaturgy, and ethnomethodology? |
Interpretative |
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Which approach studies the process where humans attach meaning to their lives? |
Interpretative |
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The work of Mead and Blumer gave rise to what approach? |
Interpretative |
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What is the notion that humans shape their world and are shaped by social interaction called? |
The social construction of reality |
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What is Ervin Goffman's dramaturgical approach? |
Social interaction is a series of episodes or human dramas in which we are "actors" playing roles |
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What approach is concerned with questions such as (1) whose interests are expressed within social arrangements? and (2) who benefits or suffers from such arrangements? |
Conflict theory/the conflict paradigm |
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What approach/theory are Coser, Dahrendorf, and Mills associated with? |
Conflict theory |
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Who said that conflict may have positive as well as disturbing effects? |
Coser |
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Emile Drukheim and Herbert Spencer inspired what?
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Functionalism (structural functionalism) |
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What approach views society as being analogous to a living organism where each part helps to stabilize the whole? |
Structural functionalism |
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When did Robert Park and Ernest Burgess focus on social problems in cities? |
Early 20th century (1900s) |
