0L53 Bfcp2B Anatomy Thigh

Front 1

What is the fascia of the thigh called?

Back 1

The fascia lata

Front 2

What muscles insert into the iliotibial tract?

Back 2

gluteus maximus (posteriorly) and tensor fasciae latae (anteriorly)

Front 3

What is the extent of the iliotibial tract?

Back 3

The iliotibial tract extends from the iliac crest superiorly to the lateral condyle of the tibia inferiorly.

Front 4

Describe how the saphenous vein rejoins systemic circulation.

Back 4

The saphenous vein runs up the medial side of the thigh and passes through the fascia lata at the saphenous opening. This opening is anterior to the fermoral vein into which the greater saphenous vein empties.

Front 5

Describe the lateral margin of the saphenous opening.

Back 5

The lateral margin AKA the falciform margin is well-developed and filled with loose connective tissue AKA the cribiform fascia.

Front 6

Semitendinosus

Back 6

O: Ischial tuberosity I: Upper, medial surface of the tibia A: Extension fo the thigh and flexion of the leg at the kne joint N: Tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Front 7

What are the four criteria for a hamstring muscle?

Back 7

1. Origination from ischial tuberosity 2. Innveration by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve 3. Cross the hip joing and the knee joint 4. Extend the thigh at the hip and the leg at the knee

Front 8

Semimembranosus

Back 8

O: ischial tuberosity I: medial condyle of the tibia A: Exttension fo the thigh and flexion of the leg N: tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Front 9

Biceps femoris, long head

Back 9

O: ischial tuberosity I: head of the fibula A: Extension fo the thigh and flexion of the knee N: tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Front 10

Biceps femoris, short head

Back 10

O: lower lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral intermuscular septum I: head of the fibula A: lateral rotation of the leg at the knee N: common fibular part of the sciatic nerve

Front 11

Which 3 muscles insert into the upper medial surface of the tibia known as the pes anserinus?

Back 11

1. Sartorius 2. Gracilis 3. semiTendinosus

Front 12

What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

Back 12

1. Sup-med Semimembranosus and semitendinosus 2. Sup-lat Biceps femoris 3. Inf-lat lateral head of gastrocnemius and plantaris 4.Inf-med medial head of gastrocnemius

Front 13

What comprises the roof of the popliteal fossa?

Back 13

the popliteal fascia

Front 14

What comprises the floor of the popliteal fossa?

Back 14

1. Popliteal surface of the femur 2. Oblique popliteal ligament (medial swoosh) 3. Popliteus muscle

Front 15

What are the arterial and venous contents of the popliteal fossa?

Back 15

Popliteal artery, popliteal vein, tibial nerve, common fibular nerve

Front 16

Describe the coursing of the tibial nerve.

Back 16

The tibial nerve arises as a terminal branch of the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa. It courses thorugh the popliteal fossa posterior to the politeal vein. It gives off branches to 5 muscles in the politeal fossa. It then courses through the leg deep to soleus.

Front 17

Which muscles are innervated by the tibal nerve from branches arising in the popliteal fossa?

Back 17

1. Popliteus 2. Plantaris 3. Gastrocnemius 4. Soleus 5. Tibialis posterior

Front 18

Describe the coursing of the common fibular nerve.

Back 18

The common fibular nerver arises as a terminal branch of the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa and courses adjacent to the medial border of biceps femoris. It crosses superficially to the lateral head of gastrocnemius. It then courses lateral to the neck of teh fibula and terminates in the anterior side of the leg into the superficial fibular nerve and the deep fibular nerve.

Front 19

What is the landmark for defining the beginning of the popliteal artery?

Back 19

The popliteal artery is a continuation of the femoral artery and begins after the femoral artery passes into the adductor opening.

Front 20

Describe the coursing of the popliteal artery.

Back 20

The popliteal artery courses through the popliteal fossa anterior to the popliteal vein. It gives of 5 genicular arteries that form an anastomosis around the knee joint. It passes over the following structures succesively: the femur, oblique politeal ligament & popliteus muscle. It divides into the anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery at the lower border of the popliteus muscle.

Front 21

What veins terminate into the popliteal vein?

Back 21

The lesser saphenous vein (and five genicular veins).

Front 22

Gracilis

Back 22

O: inferior ramus of the pubis I: upper, medial surface of the tibia A: adduction of the thigh at the hip, flexion and medial rotation of the leg at the knee N: anterior branch of the obturator nerve

Front 23

Pectineus

Back 23

O: pectineal line of the pubis I: pectineal line of the femur A: adduction of the thigh, flexion of the thigh N: femoral nerve

Front 24

Adductor longus

Back 24

O: body of the pubis I: medial lip of the linea aspera A: adduction and flexion of thigh N: anterior branch of the obturator nerve

Front 25

Adductor brevis

Back 25

O: inferior ramus of the pubis I: medial lip of the linea aspera, upper half A: Adduction and flexion of the thigh N: anterior branch of the obturator nerve

Front 26

Adductor magnus (adductor part)

Back 26

O: ischiopubic ramus I: linea aspera, entire length A: adduction and flexion of the thigh at the hip joint N: posterior branch of the obturator nerve

Front 27

Adductor magnus (extensor part)

Back 27

O: ischial tuberosity I: adductor tubercle A: extension of the thigh N: tibial part of the sciatic nerve

Front 28

Where is the adductor opening?

Back 28

Between the adductor and extensor part of adductor magnus.

Front 29

Describe the layers of the thigh adductors and the nerves that pass through them.

Back 29

Adductor longus / anterior branch of obturator n / adductor brevis / posterior branch of obturator n / adductor magnus

Front 30

Sartorius

Back 30

O: anterior superior iliac spine I: upper, medial surface of the tibia A: flexion, abduction, and laterl rotation of the thigh, flexion of the leg at knee N: femoral nerve

Front 31

What do all four heads of the quadriceps femoris share in common?

Back 31

All 4 muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve, and all 4 muscles have a common insertion into the tibial tuberosity.

Front 32

Rectus femoris

Back 32

O: anterior inferior iliac spine (anterior straight head) and rim of acetabulum (posterior reflected head) I: tibial tuberosity A: flexion of the thigh, extension of the leg at the knee N: femoral nerve

Front 33

Vastus lateralis

Back 33

O: greater trochanter and upper lateral lip of the linea aspera I: tibial tuberosity and lateral condyle of the tibia A: extension of the leg at the knee joing N: femoral nerve

Front 34

Vastus medialis

Back 34

O: medial lip of the linea aspera I: tibial tuberosity and the medial condyle of the tibia A: extension of the leg at the knee joint N: femoral nerve

Front 35

Vastus intermedius

Back 35

O: upper 2/3 of the shaft of the femur I: tibial tuberosity A: extension of the leg N: femoral nerve

Front 36

Articularis genus

Back 36

O: front of femur about 3/4 down the length of vastus intermedius I: upper and posterior aspect of synovial membrane of knee joint A: pulls capsule superiorly in extension N: femoral nerve (?--m. is a derivative of vastus intermedius

Front 37

Iliacus

Back 37

O: iliac fossa of the hip bone I: lesser trochanter A: primary flexor of the thigh when the hip is fixed and primary flexor of the hip when the thigh is fixed N: femoral nerve

Front 38

Psoas major

Back 38

O: lumbar vertebrae 1-5 I: lesser trochanter A: primary flexor of the thigh when the hip is fixed and primary flexor of the hip when the thigh is fixed N: L2-L4

Front 39

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

Back 39

1. Sartorius (laterally) 2. Medial border of adductor longus (medially) 3. Inguinal ligament (superiorly)

Front 40

What comprises the roof of the femoral triangle?

Back 40

Fascia lata

Front 41

What comprises the floor of the femoral triangle?

Back 41

Iliopsoas / Pectineus / Adductor longus (lateral to medial)

Front 42

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

Back 42

1. Femoral nerve 2. Femoral artery 3. Femoral vein 4. Femoral canal (NAVeL) or the VAN goes uphill

Front 43

What is the base of the femoral canal known as?

Back 43

The femoral ring

Front 44

What is contained in the femoral sheath?

Back 44

The femoral artery, vein, and canal (Not nerve!)

Front 45

What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

Back 45

Vastus medialis (laterally) / adductor longus and magnus (medially) / sartorius (anteriorly)

Front 46

What is contained in the adductor canal?

Back 46

The femoral artery and vein and the saphenous nerve.

Front 47

What passes through the adductor opening?

Back 47

The femoral artery and vein pass through the adductor opening of adductor magnus becoming the popliteal artery and vein.

Front 48

Describe the coursing of the femoral artery.

Back 48

The femoral artery is a continuation of the external iliac and assumes its name once it passes under the inguinal ligament. It lies medial to the femoral nerve and lateral to the femoral vein in the femoral triangel. It courses inferiorly through the adductor canal where it lies anterior to the femoral vein. It passes through the adductor opening where it becomes the popliteal artery and remains anterior to the popliteal vein. In the upper regions of the adductor canal it gives of its main branch known as the profunda femoris artery. This descends on and serves the adductor muscles.

Front 49

Describe the branching of the femoral artery in the adductor canal.

Back 49

The femoral artery gives rise to the profunda femoris artery which descends on and serves the adductor muscles with its perforating arteries. Superiorly, the profunda femoris artery also gives off lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries that course around the shaft of the femur supplying adjacent muscles.

Front 50

Describe the coursing of the femoral vein.

Back 50

The femoral vein originates at the aductor opening as the continuation of the politeal vein and runs through the dductor canal posterior to the femoral artery. It passes under the inguinal ligament medial to the femoral artery in the femoral triangle becoming the external iliac vein.